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- Introduction
- The Middle East
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- The 20th-century revolution
- The 21st century
- Related Content
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The rise of modern science
Even as Dante was writing his great work, deep forces were threatening the unitary cosmos he celebrated. The pace of technological innovation began to quicken. Particularly in Italy, the political demands of the time gave new importance to technology, and a new profession emerged, that of civil and military engineer . These people faced practical problems that demanded practical solutions. Leonardo da Vinci is certainly the most famous of them, though he was much more as well. A painter of genius, he closely studied human anatomy in order to give verisimilitude to his paintings. As a sculptor, he mastered the difficult techniques of casting metal. As a producer-director of the form of Renaissance dramatic production called the masque, he devised complicated machinery to create special effects . But it was as a military engineer that he observed the path of a mortar bomb being lobbed over a city wall and insisted that the projectile did not follow two straight lines—a slanted ascent followed by a vertical drop—as Aristotle had said it must. Leonardo and his colleagues needed to know nature truly; no amount of book learning could substitute for actual experience, nor could books impose their authority upon phenomena. What Aristotle and his commentators asserted as philosophical necessity often did not gibe with what could be seen with one’s own eyes. The hold of ancient philosophy was too strong to be broken lightly, but a healthy skepticism began to emerge.
The first really serious blow to the traditional acceptance of ancient authorities was the discovery of the New World at the end of the 15th century. Ptolemy, the great astronomer and geographer, had insisted that only the three continents of Europe, Africa, and Asia could exist, and Christian scholars from St. Augustine on had accepted it, for otherwise men would have to walk upside down at the antipodes. But Ptolemy, St. Augustine, and a host of other authorities were wrong. The dramatic expansion of the known world also served to stimulate the study of mathematics, for wealth and fame awaited those who could turn navigation into a real and trustworthy science .
In large part the Renaissance was a time of feverish intellectual activity devoted to the complete recovery of the ancient heritage. To the Aristotelian texts that had been the foundation of medieval thought were added translations of Plato, with his vision of mathematical harmonies, of Galen, with his experiments in physiology and anatomy, and, perhaps most important of all, of Archimedes, who showed how theoretical physics could be done outside the traditional philosophical framework. The results were subversive.
The search for antiquity turned up a peculiar bundle of manuscripts that added a decisive impulse to the direction in which Renaissance science was moving. These manuscripts were taken to have been written by or to report almost at first hand the activities of the legendary priest, prophet, and sage Hermes Trismegistos . Hermes was supposedly a contemporary of Moses, and the Hermetic writings contained an alternative story of creation that gave humans a far more prominent role than the traditional account. God had made humankind fully in his image: a creator, not just a rational animal. Humans could imitate God by creating. To do so, they must learn nature’s secrets, and this could be done only by forcing nature to yield them through the tortures of fire, distillation, and other alchemical manipulations. The reward for success would be eternal life and youth, as well as freedom from want and disease. It was a heady vision, and it gave rise to the notion that, through science and technology, humankind could bend nature to its wishes. This is essentially the modern view of science, and it should be emphasized that it occurs only in Western civilization. It is probably this attitude that permitted the West to surpass the East, after centuries of inferiority, in the exploitation of the physical world.
The Hermetic tradition also had more specific effects. Inspired, as is now known, by late Platonist mysticism, the Hermetic writers had rhapsodized on enlightenment and on the source of light, the Sun . Marsilio Ficino , the 15th-century Florentine translator of both Plato and the Hermetic writings, composed a treatise on the Sun that came close to idolatry. A young Polish student visiting Italy at the turn of the 16th century was touched by this current. Back in Poland, he began to work on the problems posed by the Ptolemaic astronomical system. With the blessing of the church, which he served formally as a canon, Nicolaus Copernicus set out to modernize the astronomical apparatus by which the church made such important calculations as the proper dates for Easter and other festivals.
The scientific revolution
In 1543, as he lay on his deathbed, Copernicus finished reading the proofs of his great work; he died just as it was published. His De revolutionibus orbium coelestium libri VI (“Six Books Concerning the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs”) was the opening shot in a revolution whose consequences were greater than those of any other intellectual event in the history of humankind. The scientific revolution radically altered the conditions of thought and of material existence in which the human race lives, and its effects are not yet exhausted.
All this was caused by Copernicus daring to place the Sun, not the Earth, at the centre of the cosmos. Copernicus actually cited Hermes Trismegistos to justify this idea, and his language was thoroughly Platonic . But he meant his work as a serious work in astronomy , not philosophy, so he set out to justify it observationally and mathematically. The results were impressive. At one stroke, Copernicus reduced a complexity verging on chaos to elegant simplicity. The apparent back-and-forth movements of the planets, which required prodigious ingenuity to accommodate within the Ptolemaic system , could be accounted for just in terms of the Earth’s own orbital motion added to or subtracted from the motions of the planets. Variation in planetary brightness was also explained by this combination of motions. The fact that Mercury and Venus were never found opposite the Sun in the sky Copernicus explained by placing their orbits closer to the Sun than that of the Earth. Indeed, Copernicus was able to place the planets in order of their distances from the Sun by considering their speeds and thus to construct a system of the planets , something that had eluded Ptolemy. This system had a simplicity, coherence , and aesthetic charm that made it irresistible to those who felt that God was the supreme artist. His was not a rigorous argument, but aesthetic considerations are not to be ignored in the history of science.
Copernicus did not solve all of the difficulties of the Ptolemaic system. He had to keep some of the cumbrous apparatus of epicycles and other geometrical adjustments, as well as a few Aristotelian crystalline spheres. The result was neater, but not so striking that it commanded immediate universal assent. Moreover, there were some implications that caused considerable concern: Why should the crystalline orb containing the Earth circle the Sun? And how was it possible for the Earth itself to revolve on its axis once in 24 hours without hurling all objects, including humans, off its surface? No known physics could answer these questions, and the provision of such answers was to be the central concern of the scientific revolution.
More was at stake than physics and astronomy, for one of the implications of the Copernican system struck at the very foundations of contemporary society. If the Earth revolved around the Sun, then the apparent positions of the fixed stars should shift as the Earth moves in its orbit. Copernicus and his contemporaries could detect no such shift (called stellar parallax ), and there were only two interpretations possible to explain this failure. Either the Earth was at the centre, in which case no parallax was to be expected, or the stars were so far away that the parallax was too small to be detected. Copernicus chose the latter and thereby had to accept an enormous cosmos consisting mostly of empty space. God, it had been assumed, did nothing in vain, so for what purposes might he have created a universe in which Earth and humankind were lost in immense space? To accept Copernicus was to give up the Dantean cosmos. The Aristotelian hierarchy of social place, political position, and theological gradation would vanish, to be replaced by the flatness and plainness of Euclidean space . It was a grim prospect and not one that recommended itself to most 16th-century intellectuals , and so Copernicus’s grand idea remained on the periphery of astronomical thought. All astronomers were aware of it, some measured their own views against it, but only a small handful eagerly accepted it.
In the century and a half following Copernicus, two easily discernible scientific movements developed. The first was critical, the second, innovative and synthetic . They worked together to bring the old cosmos into disrepute and, ultimately, to replace it with a new one. Although they existed side by side, their effects can more easily be seen if they are treated separately.
Science Essay
Science Essay - The Ultimate Guide to Writing an A+ Essay
Published on: Jan 5, 2023
Last updated on: Jan 23, 2023
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As a student, writing a science essay can be intimidating.
It requires a good understanding of the topic, but also good writing skills. However, most science students are not good at writing essays.
But you shouldn’t worry!
With the right steps and tips, you can write an engaging and informative science essay easily!
This blog will take you through all the important steps of writing a science essay, from choosing a topic to presenting the final work.
So let's get into it!
What Is a Science Essay?
A science essay is an academic paper focusing on a scientific topic from physics, chemistry, biology, or any other scientific field.
Science essays are mostly expository. That is, they require you to explain your chosen topic in detail. However, they can also be descriptive and exploratory.
A descriptive science essay aims to describe a certain scientific phenomenon according to established knowledge.
On the other hand, the exploratory science essay requires you to go beyond the current theories and explore new interpretations.
So before you set out to write your essay, always check out the instructions given by your instructor. Whether a science essay is expository or exploratory must be clear from the start. Or, if you face any difficulty, you can take help from a science essay writer as well.
Now that you know what it is, let's look at the steps you need to take to write a science essay.
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How To Write a Science Essay?
Writing a science essay is not as complex as it may seem. All you need to do is follow the right steps to create an impressive piece of work that meets the assigned criteria.
Here's what you need to do:
Choose Your Topic
A good topic forms the foundation for an engaging and well-written essay. Therefore, you should ensure that you pick something interesting or relevant to your field of study.
To choose a good topic, you can brainstorm ideas relating to the subject matter. You may also find inspiration from other science essays or articles about the same topic.
Conduct Research
Once you have chosen your topic, start researching it thoroughly to develop a strong argument or discussion in your essay.
Make sure you use reliable sources and cite them properly . You should also make notes while conducting your research so that you can reference them easily when writing the essay. Or, you can get expert assistance from an essay writing service to manage your citations.
Create an Outline
A good outline helps to organize the ideas in your paper. It serves as a guide throughout the writing process and ensures you don’t miss out on important points.
An outline makes it easier to write a well-structured paper that flows logically. It should be detailed enough to guide you through the entire writing process.
However, your outline should be flexible, and it's sometimes better to change it along the way to improve your structure.
Start Writing
Once you have a good outline, start writing the essay by following your plan.
The first step in writing any essay is to draft it. This means putting your thoughts down on paper in a rough form without worrying about grammar or spelling mistakes.
So begin your essay by introducing the topic, then carefully explain it using evidence and examples to support your argument.
Don't worry if your first draft isn't perfect - it's just the starting point!
Paper Due? Why Suffer? That's our Job
Proofread & Edit
After finishing your first draft, take time to proofread and edit it for grammar and spelling mistakes.
Proofreading is the process of checking for grammatical mistakes. It should be done after you have finished writing your essay.
Editing, on the other hand, involves reviewing the structure and organization of your essay and its content. It should be done before you submit your final work.
Both proofreading and editing are essential for producing a high-quality essay. Make sure to give yourself enough time to do them properly!
After revising the essay, you should format it according to the guidelines given by your instructor. This could involve using a specific font size, page margins, or citation style.
Most science essays are written in Times New Roman font with 12-point size and double spacing. The margins should be 1 inch on all sides, and the text should be justified.
In addition, you must cite your sources properly using a recognized citation style such as APA, Chicago, or Harvard. Make sure to follow the guidelines closely so that your essay looks professional.
Following these steps will help you create an informative and well-structured science essay that meets the given criteria.
Don’t have enough time? Hire our essay writer now and get it done quickly!
How to Structure a Science Essay?
A basic structure for a science essay includes an introduction, body, and conclusion.
Let's look at each of these briefly.
- Introduction
Your introduction should introduce your topic and provide a brief overview of what you will discuss in the essay. It should also state your thesis or main argument.
For instance, a thesis statement for a science essay could be,
"The human body is capable of incredible feats, as evidenced by the many athletes who have competed in the Olympic games."
The body of your essay will contain the bulk of your argument or discussion. It should be divided into paragraphs, each discussing a different point.
For instance, imagine you were writing about sports and the human body.
Your first paragraph can discuss the physical capabilities of the human body.
The second paragraph may be about the physical benefits of competing in sports.
Similarly, in the third paragraph, you can present one or two case studies of specific athletes to support your point.
Once you have explained all your points in the body, it’s time to conclude the essay.
Your conclusion should summarize the main points of your essay and leave the reader with a sense of closure.
In the conclusion, you reiterate your thesis and sum up your arguments. You can also suggest implications or potential applications of the ideas discussed in the essay.
By following this structure, you will create a well-organized essay.
Check out a few example essays to see this structure in practice.
Science Essay Examples
A great way to get inspired when writing a science essay is to look at other examples of successful essays written by others.
Here are two examples that will give you an idea of how to write your essay.
Science Essay About Genetics - Science Essay Example
Environmental Science Essay Example | PDF Sample
Want to read more essay examples? Here you can find more science essay examples to learn from.
Science Essay Topics
Choosing an appropriate topic for a science essay is one of the first steps in writing a successful paper.
Here are a few science essay topics to get you started:
- How space exploration affects our daily lives?
- How has technology changed our understanding of medicine?
- Are there ethical considerations to consider when conducting scientific research?
- How does climate change affect the biodiversity of different parts of the world?
- How can artificial intelligence be used in medicine?
- What impact have vaccines had on global health?
- What is the future of renewable energy?
- How do we ensure that genetically modified organisms are safe for humans and the environment?
- What can be done to reduce air pollution?
- What are the potential risks and benefits of stem cell therapy?
Important science topics can cover anything from space exploration to chemistry and biology. So you can choose any topic according to your interests!
Need more topics? We have gathered 100+ science essay topics to help you find a great topic!
Continue reading to find some tips to help you write a successful science essay.
Science Essay Writing Tips
Once you have chosen a topic and looked at examples, it's time to start writing the science essay.
Here are some key tips for a successful essay:
- Research thoroughly
Make sure you do extensive research before you begin writing your paper. This will ensure that the facts and figures you include are accurate and supported by reliable sources.
- Use clear language
Avoid using jargon or overly technical language when writing your essay. Plain language is easier to understand and more engaging for readers.
- Referencing
Always provide references for any information you include in your essay. This will demonstrate that you acknowledge other people's work and show that the evidence you use is credible.
Make sure to follow the basic structure of an essay and organize your thoughts into clear sections. This will improve the flow and make your essay easier to read.
- Ask someone to proofread
It’s also a good idea to get someone else to proofread your work as they may spot mistakes that you have missed.
These few tips will help ensure that your science essay is well-written and informative!
You've learned the steps to writing a successful science essay and looked at some examples and topics to get you started.
Make sure you thoroughly research, use clear language, structure your thoughts, and proofread your essay. With these tips, you’re sure to write a great science essay!
Do you still need expert help writing a science essay? Our science essay writing service is here to help. With our team of professional writers, you can rest assured that your essay will be written to the highest standards.
Contact us now to get started!
Betty P. (Natural Sciences, Life Sciences)
Betty is a freelance writer and researcher. She has a Masters in literature and enjoys providing writing services to her clients. Betty is an avid reader and loves learning new things. She has provided writing services to clients from all academic levels and related academic fields.
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413 Science and Technology Essay Topics to Write About [2023]
Would you always go for Bill Nye the Science Guy instead of Power Rangers as a child? Were you ready to spend sleepless nights perfecting your science fair project? Or maybe you dream of a career in science?
Our specialists will write a custom essay on any topic for $13.00 $10.40/page
Then this guide by Custom-Writing.org is perfect for you. Here, you’ll find the following:
- lists of excellent science and technology topics;
- essay prompts;
- scientific essay outline;
- bonus tips.
- 🔝 Top 10 Science & Technology Topics
- 🔬 Scope of Research
- 🤖 Modern Technology Topics
- 🧪 Science Essay Topics
- 🔭 Space Exploration Topics
- 💡 Other Topics
- 📝 Essay Prompt
- ✍️ Step-by-Step Guide
🔍 References
🔝 top 10 science and technology topics.
- ICT use in healthcare
- Consent in biobanking
- Pros and cons of NFTs
- Fintech and healthcare accessibility
- Widening of the global digital skills gap
- Ways to identify gaps in health research
- Changes in Mid-Atlantic regional climate
- Transforming public health data systems
- Workings of the online extremist ecosystem
- Ways of improving statistical computing practices
🔬 Science and Technology: Scope of Research
Now you can start looking for an essay idea in our topics list. But first, have a look at the following fields of research in science and technology that our topics cover:
- Modern technology includes the newest advances in engineering, hardware, systems, and organization methods. You can write about robotics, computer science, and more.
- Science is knowledge about the universe in the form of testable explanations. In your paper, you can cover different areas of science such as biology, physics, etc. For more ideas, check out our list of topics in science .
- Space explorations began in the ancient world and eventually allowed people to build a spaceship, arrange the first space trip, and step on the Moon.
- In a technology essay on space exploration , you may write about the most up-to-date technologies in the sphere of space traveling and exploration.
- Space exploration essays can also be devoted to the period of the Cold War . One of its aspects was a space race between the United States and the USSR.
- Finally, you can assess the importance of various space innovations . Many people tend to condemn spending vast sums of money on space exploration. You may give your viewpoint on this question in an essay. Check out our list of topics in astrophysics for more ideas.
🤖 Modern Technology Essay Topics
- Increasingly powerful 3D computer chips
- Technology and the rise of the leisure class
- Luddism as the most radical opposition to the use of technology
- Technological inventions that have a destructive power
- How does nuclear technology affect the global economy?
- Mobile video communication from any mountaintop
- Using technology to reinvent identification documents
- The history of the computer viruses and their current examples
- Does technology provide for a better life, or is it a bane?
- Did people reinvent texting to express the full range of emotions?
- How did pop-up advertisements appear and evolve on the Internet?
- The technology behind the most famous instances of hacking in history
- The future privacy risks in the world fully connected to the Internet
- What are the possible future developments in cloud storage?
- Dancing robots: why is it important to teach robots to dance?
- Should there be censorship on the Internet ?
- What self-driving cars can and cannot do at present
- Which features can increase the popularity of self-driving cars among people?
- 19 th -century discoveries versus recent technological developments
- The positive and negative impacts of communication technology
- The printing press , the telephone, and the Internet: their contribution to global communications
- Philosophical debates about the present and future use of nuclear technology
- The potential dangers of virtual reality replacing real-life experiences
- Transhumanism and techno-progressivism and their positive views of technology
- The history, benefits, and drawbacks of cloud technology
- Voice-commanded robot wheelchair (that will bring you to any location stored in its memory)
- Cameras that can determine your age just by looking at your face: how do they work?
- Innovative technologies in Antarctica that are speeding up polar research
- Technology and the development of daily living aids for chronic diseases . People who have chronic diseases always need to monitor their well-being. However, science has moved towards developing special devices that help people in their daily lives. For instance, you can write about stairlifts, wheelchairs, or other appliances.
- The history and technological evolution of prosthetics. People have been using prosthetic limbs from ancient times. Now, these items are much more functional, and their innovation continues. Wood and metal have been replaced by novel materials such as carbon fiber. Robotics also allows controlling prosthetic limbs better.
- Disability technology: how science invented hearing aids , text-to-speech programs, and more. Today, disabled people can get access to aids that enhance their living. For example, hearing aids were developed as far as 1898. But they became small only after World War II. Now they are enhanced by the technology of Bluetooth.
- How has the clothing industry evolved with the development of new technology? In the past, all clothes were hand-made. After the sewing machine was introduced, people’s fashion also changed. Now, technology can create items of clothing that a human cannot produce. But many people still seek hand-made items and see the automatization of manufacturing process as a disadvantage.
- Gardening for the 21st century: vertical gardening for tiny city spaces. As the world population grows, people have much less room for farming and recreational gardening. New concepts such as vertical gardening are innovative and environmentally conscious. They create small green spaces in urban areas and bring humans back to nature.
- Hydroponic systems and other approaches to agriculture without soil. It can be hard to find enough place for soil planting in big crowded cities. Hydroponic gardening is a way to get fresh local vegetables that can be grown indoors. Such approaches, nonetheless, have their advantages and disadvantages.
- The importance of sustainable farming for the environment. Food production is a vital part of people’s lives. Science has shown that agriculture contributes to pollution. Now, climate change concerns raise the question—how can humans grow food without damaging the environment? Sustainable principles may be the answer to this question.
- Genetically modified foods : history, benefits and drawbacks, and common misconceptions. Many discussions surround the topic of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). GMOs are crops whose DNA was changed artificially. Some people believe that bioengineered fruits and vegetables pose risks to people’s health. Others say that genetic engineering improves harvest and food quality.
- Can GMOs solve world hunger ? Food shortage is among the biggest problems in the world. Genetic modification may introduce crops that ripen faster, stay fresh longer, and yield a better harvest. However, these GMOs may not grow as well as natural plants. These issues are at the center of the debate around bioengineering.
🧪 Science Topics to Write About
Science Essay Topics for Middle School
- How did humans learn to measure speed and velocity?
- Everyday life examples of Newton’s 2 nd law of motion
- Current differences in various measurements of distance
- How and why are miles different from nautical miles?
- The concept of time from antiquity to modern clocks
- How were measurements of distance developed?
- How gravity explains most of the natural phenomena on Earth
- The history of Einstein’s theory of gravity and people who opposed it
- The history of the 3 different systems of measuring temperature
- Which temperature unit is easier to use in daily life: Fahrenheit or Celsius?
- How can Newton’s laws of motion be explained by using household objects?
- Experimental design: how to improve the results of an experiment
- Is safety important in scientific experimentation, or does it get in the way of discovery?
- How the Earth was shaped: tectonic plates’ movement. A long time ago, the continents used to be shaped differently. Their shape depended on the direction of tectonic plates. It is believed that they once formed Pangaea—a supercontinent that broke into many pieces and created the modern continents.
- Can humans create new continents and change the existing ones? Humans contribute to shaping the planet in many ways. Agriculture and the search for resources change the terrain, while urban development leads to climate change. Also, various islands are constructed by people from natural and artificial materials.
- What is the air that we breathe made out of? The air in the Earth’s atmosphere is unique. It allows nature to thrive and live. Air contains more than just various gases. It also holds water and particles that affect pollution, climate, and nature’s health.
- The layers of the atmosphere: why mountain air is different. The Earth is surrounded by an atmosphere with layers. Each of them has a different composition and pressure level. That is why people say that the air on the top of a mountain feels different. This variety affects many aspects of the natural world.
- How the Earth is shaped today: volcanoes , earthquakes, and tsunamis. Different natural phenomena contribute to changing the shape of the planet. For example, volcanic eruptions make lava spill onto land and water. Over time, this lava hardens and turns into rock. These events can create whole new landforms or destroy existing ones.
- Which animals can live in the outer layers of the atmosphere? Almost all living beings on Earth require oxygen to survive. However, some of them may need less oxygen than others. Interestingly, a small group of creatures needs almost no air. Various microorganisms can even be found as high as the troposphere.
- The dangers of oxygen. Everybody knows that oxygen is a source of life on Earth . But it is also a part of many dangerous chemical reactions. For example, breathing in pure oxygen is harmful for the body.
- The internal layers of Earth: their chemical composition and state. Earth’s inner structure is as layered as its atmosphere. Each component has unique properties and a different physical state. The movement of one layer can result in volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.
- What are the purpose and special status of navigational stars? Celestial navigation means finding one’s location using stars. It is an ancient practice that is still used today. Some stars, however, play a more important role than others. They serve as marks for easy navigation. The most well-known navigational star is the Polaris, but there are many more.
- The history of weather forecasting in ancient cultures. Today, people can look at a weather forecast for weeks ahead. In ancient times, different cultures searched for the best ways of predicting the weather. Some interesting sources of information were the stars, the color of the sky, the lunar phases, and animal behavior.
Science Essay Topics for High School Students
- Printing food: will you be able to download a pizza?
- Why are there so many programming languages?
- Can computers create meaningful and original art?
- The place of creative professions in an AI-powered future
- Is distance learning effective, or does it hinder studying?
- Are there any alternatives to plastic that benefit the environment?
- Can everyone stay inside forever with the help of technology?
- The common mistakes that AI continues to make to this day
- Enhancing the quality of school education with virtual reality
- The effect of social media on building relationships and making friends
- The research of artificially produced foods and its environmental impact
- Which devices do students and teachers need to introduce into the classroom?
- The rise of distance learning: the best methods of studying remotely
- Is translation software equally developed for all languages of the world?
- How people in small communities can find each other with social media
- The impact of unrecyclable materials on oceans . Pollution is on the minds of many scientists today. Ocean animals are often injured or killed by plastic debris. Coral reefs and vegetation also struggle with materials that cannot be recycled. You may suggest ways of cleaning the ocean and making it a better environment for its flora and fauna.
- The use of big data in predicting people’s everyday choices. Big data refers to collecting enormous amounts of information. The data is taken from open online sources. It is then analyzed for different industries to use. How can companies use big data to predict what people need?
- How does marketing use Internet-of-Things ? Marketing specialists are always searching for new technologies to explore. They want to surprise their clients and make them interested in their company’s product. The Internet-of-Things connects devices and saves valuable data. Advertisements may use this interconnectedness to their advantage.
- The differences between traditional and digital art. Many of today’s artists are skilled in using software to create art. They use digital painting programs to produce unique works. But how does digital art differ from traditional methods? What negative and positive sides does it have?
- Why do search engines show different results for the same search term? When entering a keyword into Google, Bing, or other search engines, one can get an array of different responses. This essay can explore different companies’ strategies to provide the best answers to their users’ queries.
- What are the disadvantages of clean energy sources? With the issue of climate change on the rise, many scientists suggest using eco-friendly energy sources. Such options have many benefits for the world. However, they also pose some risks.
- The history of global nuclear energy development. Nuclear energy is a controversial topic among scientists. On the one hand, it is an alternative to fossil fuel use. On the other, the devastating effects of nuclear plant catastrophes expose many risks of this option. This energy source is an excellent topic for an exploratory or argumentative science essay.
- Benefits and drawbacks of wind and solar power for everyday use. Comparisons between solar and wind power are at the center of many debates about clean energy. Both options are considered environmentally friendly, but they are very different. A compare-and-contrast essay on this topic is sure to provide many points of discussion.
- Is it possible for people to produce more freshwater than there currently is? The freshwater supply is limited, and science searches for new ways to produce it. Some organizations collect rainwater and make it safe for consumption. Others try to invent more effective seawater filters. The goal of this search is to support the growing water demand.
- Can science prolong our lives or even let us live forever? Many people think about mortality and try to prolong their lives. Some researchers may believe that there are ways to make people live longer by slowing down aging. A scientific essay can explore people’s search for life extension strategies.
🔭 Space Exploration Essay Topics: Science and Technology
Science and Technology Topics in Space Studies
- What is the role of NASA in space research?
- How relevant is the problem of space debris?
- Describe the dynamics of space flights
- What is the role of dogs in space travel?
- History and evolution of space research
- What is the purpose of planetary science?
- The first man to travel into space
- Top 10 interesting facts about space
- Explain the concept of wormholes
- Ecological problems of space exploration
- Exploration and effects of dark matter
- Discuss the process of human adaptation to space conditions
- What have we learned from space research over the last decade?
- How do you understand and define spacetime?
- How does the James Webb Space Telescope work?
- What are some of the most prominent contributors to space research?
- Discuss possibilities of manned trips to other planets
- The evidence that proves the existence of black holes
- What is significant about the Solar System ?
- What are gravitational waves, and how can we measure them?
- Describe the first 50 years of the space age
- Compare and contrast different space exploration techniques
- Discuss Space Exploration Day, its origin, and relevance
- The effect of space weather on the planet Earth
- Current trends and news about space exploration
- Who are the most famous American astronauts and researchers?
- What are the benefits of space research for society?
- The use of standard candles in measuring distance in space
- What are the economic benefits of space exploration?
- What are the space programs of major countries ?
- The history of non-human animals in spacecraft testing. Before the first human was sent into space, many animals were used to test spacecraft. Some of them successfully reached their goals and returned home. Countries such as the US and USSR sent various animals into space, ranging from dogs to chimpanzees.
- What is the connection between a planet and its moons? Many planets, including the Earth, have one or several moons. In total, there are more than 200 moons in the Solar System. These natural satellites orbit their planets and influence their weather. Although Earth has only one natural satellite, the Moon , it plays a significant role in its climate.
- The biological effects of space travel and its long-term outcomes. Astronauts who spend time in space report changes in their behavior. For example, they get accustomed to the lack of gravity on the spaceship. Their health is also affected—even a short trip leads to “space adaptation syndrome.”
- What are the prospects of exploring space beyond the Solar System? Currently, human-led expeditions aim for nearby space segments. However, robotic spacecraft and powerful telescopes help people see beyond the Solar System. Voyagers 1 and 2 are the only NASA’s spacecraft that can cross interstellar limits. They still have enough power to collect more data.
- Gravity on Earth and in the Solar System. The role of gravity on Earth is vital for every system and occurrence. A gravitational pull that keeps planets in their orbits, but gravity can do much more—it creates stars, moves matter, and heats planetary cores.
- How far have the scientists reached in their exploration of space? People’s view of the universe has expanded dramatically since the first theories about space. Now, it appears endless, and people use the best technology to see its remotest corners. The Solar System is no longer the limit of exploration, and many vital discoveries contributed to this knowledge.
- The history of exoplanet research. Extrasolar planets (or exoplanets) move through space outside the Solar System. The first evidence of their existence appeared as early as the 1910s. However, it was confirmed scientifically only in the 1980s. Since then, researchers have discovered more than 4000 exoplanets.
- Why is Mars the primary goal of many missions? Mars is the center of space exploration news. Since 1933, NASA has led the Mars Exploration Program (MEP) to investigate the planet’s resources. It also has a solid surface that allows exploration robots to roam Mars in search of life.
- The international legacy of space exploration. During the Cold War, space exploration was a part of the US and the USSR competition. Since then, astronauts from many countries have participated in missions. Space programs have a national purpose, but cooperation between countries leads to better results.
Technology Essay Topics about Space Exploration
- History of space telescopes
- How is a sub-orbital rocket constructed?
- Describe any type of modern spacecraft
- How does a rocket engine work?
- Discuss the relevance of space weapons
- How does an artificial satellite work?
- The Cassini mission and its legacy
- The cultural impact of Curiosity rover
- What are safety measures on spacecrafts?
- What are the modern targets of space exploration?
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of uncrewed spacecraft?
- Can space technology help to combat the avian influenza virus ?
- How long will it take for a spaceship to get to a nearby planet?
- Prospects for the development of space technologies
- Who are the pioneers of rocket and space technology?
- Spacecraft classification according to their missions
- What happens at the International Space Station?
- Can space technology solve the energy crisis ?
- Project Orion: origin, challenges, and its impact
- The journeys of NASA’s robotic spacecraft around and beyond Earth’s atmosphere. NASA’s history of space exploration includes many exciting expeditions. Human-led missions were grand and are remembered in history. However, unmanned probes have brought lots of information about space to NASA. They were able to collect samples for investigation and photograph remote planets.
- Why is gravity important in space explorations? Everyone knows that astronauts live in space with no gravity . Weightlessness is an issue that affects the human body. Some space objects have gravity, but it is different from Earth’s. Understanding this aspect of space exploration is vital for designing future missions.
- Elon Musk’s dream of building a rocket. The whole world follows the news of how scientists at Space X tried to reinvent spacecraft. They failed many times, but only to succeed and partner with NASA. Explore the timeline of their innovations in your essay.
- What is the role of experimentation in space travel improvement? Space exploration is a complicated field where a slight miscalculation can lead to dangerous results. Many space ships and probes have failed in decades of testing. That is why experimentation is a core part of exploration. Without failure, success cannot be achieved.
- How did the safety of spacecraft evolve over the years? Human spaceflights pose many dangers to the ship’s crew. People cannot survive in outer space, so the spacecraft must be safe from radiation and hostile environments. Moreover, astronauts who go into outer space or step on the surface of other planets have to be equipped to handle the harsh conditions.
- The history of communication in space. Communication between astronauts and Earth is crucial for all space missions. It is also a remedy for space travelers’ isolation from their families and loved ones. A special Space Network was developed to connect the researchers on Earth with the astronauts.
- The successes and failures of “space gardens.” Aboard the International Space Station , astronauts have entire gardens for various vegetables and flowers. However, the process of finding how to grow these plants was long. Space researchers had to solve problems with gravity, water delivery, fertilizer intake, and much more.
- Which technologies allowed people to mimic their daily activities in space? Even in space, people have to eat, sleep, and keep up with their hygiene. However, the lack of gravity turns these simple daily tasks into a challenge. Much of the space-related research was dedicated to creating freeze-dried food, no-rinse shampoo, and other interesting inventions to resolve this issue.
- The differences and similarities between types of spacecraft. Robotic spacecraft have unique characteristics that correspond with their missions. For example, flyby spacecraft explores the Solar System without landing. Some probes are designed to land on a planet and send data back to Earth. Others are made to penetrate the surface of a comet to measure its properties.
- How did crewless spacecraft evolve? The creation of uncrewed spacecraft has changed with the world’s technological advancement . At first, spacecraft only left the Earth’s atmosphere to observe space. Robots and rovers were eventually designed to land on other planets. These machines need to survive harsh environments to collect data.
Space Race Essay: Scientific Topics
- Cold War, space research, and diplomacy
- What were the consequences of the space race?
- Was the space race a result of the Cold War?
- The failures and successes of the US in the space race
- Soviet vs. American rocket development
- Compare and contrast Sputnik and Explorer satellites
- How were space discoveries affected by the Cold War?
- Timeline of space investigation during the Cold War
- How did the space race affect other spheres of scientific development?
- The state of US and USSR’s space programs after the end of the Cold War
- Why was the Moon chosen as the destination for both nations during the space race?
- The role of US/Soviet spacecraft cooperation in reducing Cold War tensions
- Planned trips to other planets of the Solar System during the space race
- What are the positive and negative consequences of the space race for the countries?
- How did the competition between the US and the USSR start? In the early 20 th century, the tensions between the United States and the USSR were combat-based. However, the arms race after World War II transformed it into a space race. Both nations wanted to be the first in achieving space exploration milestones.
- Was the creation of NASA a consequence of the Cold War? NASA was established in 1958. Its earlier projects show that the space race influenced the organization. For instance, the operation Man in Space Soonest (MISS) name reveals the competitive nature of early space exploration.
- The influence of the USSR’s space exploration achievements on American politics . The US was the first country to put a man on the Moon. Nevertheless, the USSR made several important discoveries as well. This fact undoubtedly affected American politics during and after the Cold War. It inspired political ideas rooted in scientific superiority and academic achievement.
- What did the Apollo missions achieve? The Apollo program lasted from 1968 until 1972, including six successful missions. Some spacecraft were launched to orbit the Moon and photograph its surface. During the Apollo 11 mission, two astronauts landed and walked on the Moon .
- Did the space race contribute to other tensions between the US and USSR? The competition surrounding space exploration led to many domestic and foreign political changes. Both countries set ambitious goals and cultivated a sense of pride in their achievements. It may be argued that the space race was a continuation of a long tradition of seeking leadership in technology .
- The first woman in space and the history of female astronauts. The story of the first man in space is well-known to most people. However, the USSR also sent the first woman, Valentina Tereshkova, into space in 1963. After that, no flights included women up until the 1980s. Nowadays, female astronauts come from many countries, but men on spacecraft crews still outnumber them.
- The role of Germany in the advancement of rocket technology in World War II . The space race usually mentions two key players—the US and the USSR. However, Germany also affected this competition during and after World War II. Missiles created in Nazi Germany showed that sub-orbital spaceflight was possible. Soviet and American rocket engineers used their military knowledge and transferred it into spacecraft design.
- The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. In 1972, the US and USSR leaders decided to push for cooperation rather than competition in the space race. As a result, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) began its development. It was the first international mission; in 1975, two spacecraft docked in space to symbolize unity.
- How did the first men in space contribute to space exploration? Both the US and the USSR were able to send people to space. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin was the first human to fly in Earth’s orbit. In 1969, Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong landed on the Moon. Both events significantly contributed to the countries’ national development and interest in space exploration.
Science and Technology Essay Ideas in Space Innovations
- Why should we continue space exploration?
- How much money is spent on space research today?
- What are the future perspectives of space investigation?
- What are the major challenges in geodesy?
- The main types of space telescopes
- Is colonization of the Solar System possible?
- Should more money be invested in spacecraft innovations?
- What space innovations do you think will be invented in the future?
- Do you think humanity can survive an asteroid impact?
- Compare and contrast the colonization of outer space planets in 2 science fiction novels
- What can the previous crashes of spacecraft teach engineers? Many of the space missions failed across the globe. Crewless probes, drones , and spacecraft with a crew can fail at any stage of the flight. However, previous unsuccessful efforts are very useful for scientists.
- The potential for recreational space travel. Millions of people dream of going into space, but the astronaut profession is not for everyone. Recreational travel is a chance for tourists to experience space. It is a question of whether it will be possible.
- Key participants in space exploration innovations in the 21st century. In the last century, the US and USSR were the key countries in space exploration. Now, many nations contribute to innovations and develop new technologies. For example, the International Space Station (ISS) program includes Japan, Canada, Germany, and other countries.
- Elon Musk’s reusable rockets. Currently, most spacecraft cannot be reused for space missions. Many factors lead to aircraft degradation, making it dangerous for second use. One of the goals of Space X, created by Elon Musk, is to develop fully-reusable spacecraft.
- The ideas of space colonization in movies: are any of them realistic? Films such as The Martian , Interstellar , and Alien introduce exciting ideas about space travel. Although they are fictional, they may depict certain devices or scenarios that will be real in the future.
- What are the reasons behind people’s renewed interest in space travel? The end of the Cold War also marked diminished interest in space exploration. For some years, people didn’t pay much attention to it. However, now it appears that the passion for exploration has been sparked again. Many countries are currently working on their own spacecraft, and people see Mars as the new destination to conquer.
- Space drones and other crewless spacecraft for interplanetary exploration. Scientists were able to create various spacecraft to go beyond the limits of the Solar System. One of the latest ideas is to make interplanetary drones that will leave the Earth and gather information in a new way.
- Does the Moon present any potential for travel and colonization? Historically, the Moon landings are considered to be outstanding achievements. Now, the Moon is again the center of discussions. You can explore interesting concepts for colonizing the Moon.
- Technological advancements in creating safe and comfortable spacesuits for different environments. Space travel requires scientists to develop spacesuits that protect people from various harsh environments. For example, landing on Mars would require a suit that withstands great and rapid temperature changes.
💡 Science and Technology Essay Topics: Other Ideas
- The new Face ID technology: is it a revolutionary invention?
- What will technical schools look like in the future?
- Is the human brain more productive than a computer?
- The temperature on the surface of exoplanets
- Thomas Edison’s contribution to technological advancements
- How do sun rays affect people’s health?
- Revolutionary technologies and famous inventions from Japan
- Technologies that make driving safer
- How will people study exact sciences in the future?
- New technologies in modern architecture
- Stephen Hawking’s black holes hypothesis
- Is there a possibility that people’s manual labor might not be necessary for any manufacturing processes in the future?
- Do new technologies influence people’s appearance ? How do they do it?
- What would today’s world be like without computers and telephones?
- What could Leonardo da Vinci possibly invent in the 21 st century?
- Will professions that don’t require the human factor remain in demand in several decades?
- What impact do new technologies have on people’s beliefs and personal philosophies?
- New technologies and equipment that helps farmers during the wheat harvest
- Will hover drones replace helicopters in the future?
- What are the top 5 alternative energy sources?
- What technologies should be implemented to stop pollution on Earth?
- Social media’s impact on the populations of different countries
- If people colonize Mars, what means of communication between two planets might be fast enough to share information?
- How can the problem of lack of Internet connection in some parts of the world be solved?
- A scientific approach to the problem of alcoholism
- NASA’s space projects that will be realized in the next decade
- Spheres in which computer technologies cannot replace human workers
- The history of computers : how was the first computer invented?
- A scientific approach to global warming: the most efficient methods of the catastrophe prevention
- Useful features in the new generation of computers and smartphones
- Ernest Rutherford’s scientific career and achievements
- The most technologically advanced country in the world
- Technologies implemented for cleaning the oceans from garbage
- Innovative methods of charging electronic devices
- Scientific research in spaceships: are travels at light speed possible?
- Modern automobiles and technologies that help drivers control their vehicles
- The furthest object that humanity managed to observe with the help of a telescope
- Is teleportation possible , or should people stop spending money on its development?
- The most ridiculous and useless scientific experiments
- The human brain and a computer : differences and similarities
- Gravity, temperature, and living conditions on the Moon
- What can be possibly found at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean? Will humanity ever reach its deepest point?
- Technologies used in nursing for delivering appropriate medication to patients in hospital settings
- Scientific research on the topic of protecting nature and the environment: ecologic technologies and policies
- Does the popular minimalist movement contribute to new technologies in any way?
- The tallest plants on Earth and where they grow
- Innovative technologies in producing and reserving electricity all over the world
- New technologies that prevent ships from falling over during storms
- Apple’s approach to the safety of their clients’ personal data
- How will the Solar System’s planets’ orbits change in the next century?
- The universe : how big can it possibly be?
- Nanotechnologies used in medicine to heal people with AIDS and cancer
- Earth’s collision with an asteroid in approximately 600 years: actual threat or a hoax?
- Is it ever going to be possible for humanity to travel outside the limits of our galaxy?
- Will humans terraform Mars instead of saving the Earth from an ecological catastrophe?
- Use of nanotechnologies in reducing the amount of garbage on the planet
- New technologies in sports and how will they influence people’s health
- Modern bicycles with reduced risk of accidents on the roads
- The safest means of transport in the world
- Virtual reality and its use in art
- Can disabled people live a full life with the help of virtual reality?
- The best way to travel across the universe and galaxies
- Robots and their use in the mining industry
- Is there a possibility of human clones’ production?
- The most impressive innovations that people expect scientists to develop in the next century
- Nanotechnologies in biology: Is it possible that people might install microchips in their heads to record every memory and valuable data?
- Is it necessary to support human brain activities with the help of technology?
- Social media vs. television : will people stop watching TV altogether?
- New technologies in education: what new methods of teaching and studying might be helpful in colleges and universities?
- How does the world of electronic devices influence people’s relationships with one another?
- A new trend in Japan : marriages with virtual characters
- The effectiveness of physical exercises supported by new technologies
- How long does it take scientists to develop a vaccine against a virus that emerged unexpectedly?
- The diffusion of the Ebola virus and various methods of its prevention in healthy people
- Benefits of the 3D printing technology in healthcare
- In what ways did computers change people’s lives?
- Products that make people’s night rests healthier and their daily activities more productive
- The environmental pollution’s impact on people’s health: toxic gases, dirty water, and GMO foods
- New technologies that help pilots control and land the aircrafts
- The role of drones in the modern world : how can people use this technology to save finances and prevent traffic jams?
- Vehicles of the future: how will people travel in several decades?
- What technologies should scientists develop for people to survive on Mars?
- New technologies ‘ impact on people’s health, lifestyle, and values
- The technology of controlling computers and mobile phones using only brain activity
- New technologies that balance people’s nervous systems and prevent stresses
- Nanotechnologies in ophthalmology: helping children with visual impairments
- People’s mental health and how modern devices influence it
- New technologies in sustainability: recycling methods
- China’s rapid development : technologies that the country uses for its economic system’s growth
- Ways of producing oxygen on Mars in the future
- Technologies that filter water and make it suitable for consumption
- Apps and programs for effective remote work
- Oil drilling technologies and their impact on the environment
- How will the Internet change in 100 years, and what technology might replace the World Wide Web in the future?
- Apps and programs that help students in accomplishing and organizing scientific research
- The advantages of using the cloning technologies in household cares
- Undesirable outcomes of people’s dependency on their electronic devices: computers, mobile phones, and gaming consoles
- New technologies in language learning: innovative methods to expand one’s vocabulary
- New technologies used for transplanting vital organs
- The role of video games in people’s lives
- The possible harm that robots might cause to humanity
- Is it possible to travel through time, and what technologies might help develop a time machine?
- How ecological fuel that might replace natural gas , petrol, and diesel
- Perpetual motion machine: attempts of different scientists to create an engine with endless resources of energy
- Technologies that Americans use daily
- Scientific inventions or decisions that might save the world from an ecological catastrophe
- How far can people travel from Earth in outer space ?
- Automobiles’ aerodynamic qualities and how they have changed since the 1950s
- How do technologies change people’s mentalities and cultures?
- What is the purpose of inventing new warfare technologies if some countries have enough power to destroy our planet?
- The impact of new technologies on military establishment and relationships among countries
- Does the Internet make people more intelligent, or is it the other way round?
- Technologies restricted by law in the territory of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
- Do Internet search engines such as Google , Ask, and Bing make people less attentive to what they learn?
- If new software requires more memory space on computers, how many terabytes will an average user need to work online in 20 years?
- How can robots help humanity to increase people’s daily productivity?
- New Apple devices that can change people’s lives
- Alternative ways of finding and sharing necessary information in the future
- Will robots coexist with people in 100 years?
- Will translation software ever be able to replace professional interpreters?
- How can robots and other programmed machines provide medical treatment to hospital patients?
- New technologies in the taxi business
- Is technological progress a good thing, or should we deliberately slow it down?
- What technologies cause harm to the environment, Earth’s population, and the oceans?
- Technologies in the tattoo business: the most effective methods of putting colored pigments under the skin
- Does the US government use any technologies that allow them to wiretap people’s private calls? Is it ethical?
- What technologies should be implemented to create wireless access to the Internet worldwide?
- Do values of contemporary people focus on new technologies more than on everything else?
- What technologies should be implemented to reduce the possibility of overpopulation on Earth?
- Are electric cars more cost-effective and productive than vehicles that run on gasoline, diesel, and natural gas?
- Do Face ID and Touch ID technologies protect people’s data from hackers?
- Can any technology reduce the time required for night rests?
- How intelligent are dolphins and whales?
- Newly emerged research areas and branches of science
- The role of synthetic biology in medicine
- Bionics: the main principles and purposes of the new science
- Nutrigenomics : food values and other factors that influence people’s health
- The main principles and objectives of the memetics study
- Neuroeconomics: the ability of the human brain to make wise decisions
- Sonocytology: the study of the sounds and impulses that the human cells make
- Technologies that help people socialize and rehabilitate after long-term
- How can zero gravity in outer space be used for people’s benefit?
- Which countries are known for their achievements in the sphere of chemistry ?
- Leading countries in the sphere of technology.
- How long will it take Earth to restore all its resources and energy consumed by humanity?
- Machine learning in restaurant and hotel businesses: Improved methods of cooperating with clients
- The ethics of implanting microchips in animals
- AI in online shopping : is it cost-efficient regarding both time and money?
- New technologies that reduce various health risks in polluted areas
- Innovative methods of completing medical operations are more accurate and reduce the possibilities of unfortunate outcomes
- Process automation aimed at cleaning eggs and removing bacteria from the natural products’ surfaces
- How can the implantation of microchips in the human brain help paralyzed individuals?
- Autopilot installed in heavy trucks
- Payment systems that require people’s eye or face scans: is this technology safer than ordinary passwords ?
- Camera options that allow people to film in the 360-degree mode
- Solar batteries and their significance in the modern age
- Smart computers that don’t require a person’s intervention to complete tasks or collect information
- Robotic chefs: the device’s functions and other options that make cooking easier
- The technology of modular phones: why did the idea of creating a phone that consists of multiple blocks fail?
- VR technology that might allow people to feel and touch virtual objects
- Water recycling technology that filters the water people use for showering
- Advanced fishing technologies: sensors, drones, and artificial intelligence
- Gyroscope and various devices based on its working principle
- New technologies in web design
- Newton circle and its spheres of use
- Scientific facts that prove the existence of other life forms in the outer space
- Active volcanoes that can erupt at any moment : preventative technologies and safety measures
- Technologies that make people healthy and fit without effort: are they possible?
- Augmented reality use in the cosmetics business
- Potential branches of science that might lead to the creation of new occupations in the future
- The most valuable resource on Earth and technological methods of its extraction
- Internet-of-Things: how is it used in agriculture ?
- Synthetic foods: do they contain any nutritional components?
- What technologies can help people reduce the cost of utilities?
- Entertainment: how will VR technologies influence people’s hobbies in the future?
- How long will it take people to travel between Earth and Mars?
- The temperature on Mars: is it possible for humans to survive on the Red Planet without additional heating devices?
- What will people eat on Mars, and how will they get their food?
- Professions that humanity might need on Mars during colonization
- Messages sent by society in outer space: will they ever be answered?
- If there are other forms of life in different galaxies, how will humans understand and contact them?
- Satellites on our planet’s orbit: what do these devices do, and why are they important for people?
- Is it possible for a human being to stay in a deep freeze for an extended period?
- What do cosmonauts research and observe in the orbit of Earth?
- The main problems of modern science: what issues are scientists trying to solve?
- How dangerous can new technologies be for our environment?
- How do different professions change and improve due to technological development?
- Ethical aspects of genetic engineering for humans
- Egyptian pyramids: technologies that ancient Egyptians used to build their pharaohs’ graves
- Contemporary achievements in genetics
- How have helicopters developed since the 1950s?
- Controversial issues of stem cell research
- German technologies in road building: how is it possible to build a high-quality road for decades?
- Wireless technologies that maternity hospitals use
- What is antimatter, and how can it be used in the medical field?
- How has technology changed our lives compared to people living a century ago?
- The technology you cannot live without
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering?
- Experiments on humans: can they be justified for the sake of science development?
- Can alternative energy technologies provide humanity with sustainable energy resources?
- What technologies can limit the adverse human impact on the environment?
- Smart devices that can help you reduce your carbon footprint
- Is there a connection between human activity and natural disasters?
- Military technology advancement: a way to safety or a global threat?
- Robot army: a scene from a movie or our near future?
- Science and technology for personal safety
- Advances in science and technology for cybersecurity
- Development of technologies for safe online purchases
📝 Science and Technology Essay Prompts
Writing science and technology essays might be a challenging task. Our essay prompts are here to inspire you. Keep reading to make your essay writing even more effortless.
Science in Everyday Life Essay Prompt
Every day we are surrounded by marvelous inventions that can be described in your paper:
- Anything made of plastic. Today numerous industries rely on the production of plastic, from packaging and electronics to aerospace and industrial engineering.
- Anything charged with electricity. The work of people like Alessandro Volta or Andre-Marie Ampere lies at the foundation of the electrical industry.
- Any food item in front of you. Science has revolutionized our approach to food cultivation and raised agricultural productivity to a new level.
- Any modern medicine. At the end of the 18th century, scientist Edward Jenner established that vaccination works. And in the 19th century, the germ theory of disease emerged, which saved millions of lives over two hundred years.
Technology in the Future Essay Prompt
If you choose to write a paper about technology in the future, you can consider describing the following technologies:
- Vision-improving technology . Artificial cornea or iris can provide vision to people with impairments.
- Small living robots . These robots can deliver medicine to different body parts or collect microplastic from the oceans.
- Internet everywhere . Companies such as Google or Facebook use helium balloons, drones, microsatellites, and other technology to provide the Internet to inaccessible areas.
- Dairy products made in a lab . Biotech companies are searching for a way to make dairy products more available and less damaging to the environment. There are already some lab-made dairy products available in the US.
Interest in Science Essay Prompt
If you wish to tell about your interest in science or make your reader interested in it, take a look at these ideas:
- Factors that influence one’s attitude towards science. You can analyze reasons for students’ interest or indifference towards science.
- Parents’ role in children’s attitude towards science. Discuss how parents, their social status, or education level affect their children’s interests.
- How does one’s faith affect their perception of science? Some religious beliefs don’t support scientific ideas about life and the universe.
Importance of Science Essay Prompt
Science is essential for our society, environment, and many other parts of our lives. In your essay about the importance of science, you can include the following points:
- Science is solving the mysteries of our universe. One of the main goals of science is to gain knowledge about the world. It helps us understand different phenomena and find solutions to numerous problems.
- How science benefits society . Science is also used to improve our life quality. Education and knowledge allow us to make our lives easier and more enjoyable.
- The way science helps solve global challenges . Health, agriculture, and other spheres rely on science. Governments also use science to combat issues, such as climate change.
✍️ How to Write a Scientific Essay
To achieve academic prowess in science and technology studies, you will need to get good at writing scientific essays. Here are the general principles of essay writing:
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Essay on Science and Technology Outline
The structure of a science and technology essay remains the same as basically any other essay type. It includes the following points:
Science & Technology Essay Introduction
In your introduction, you should make your reader interested in your topic. Start with a hook, and don’t forget to include some background information. You can consult our article about writing a good introduction for more info.
An introduction of a science and technology essay about the disadvantages of space exploration can look like that:
Space exploration’s contribution to environmental science is impossible to deny. However, it might also be damaging to the environment itself. Space exploration produces hydrochloric acid and carbon dioxide that contribute to global warming.
Thesis Statement about Technology & Science
Close your introduction with a thesis to state the main point of your essay. Make sure to support your point with evidence throughout the text.
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There should be ways to make space exploration less damaging to the environment since the pollution caused by it is getting worse every year.
Science and Technology Essay Body
The body paragraphs are the central part of your essay. There you show your investigation results and support them with solid arguments. Don’t forget to open each of the paragraphs with a topic sentence that can let your reader know the main idea of the passage (you can learn more from this article about topic sentences by Rochester Institute of Technology.)
Aluminum oxide particles produced during rocket launches absorb the radiation and contribute to global warming. NASA uses fuel that consists of aluminum powder and ammonium perchlorate in their solid booster rockets. They form aluminum oxide when combined. As a result, these rocket launches are damaging to the environment and are one of the causes of climate change and global warming.
Science and Technology Essay Conclusion
The conclusion closes your essay by restating your thesis statement and making your reader want to dive further into your topic. Keep in mind that just saying that “more research on the subject is required” is not what the conclusion should be about. Make sure to include plenty of details in addition to summarizing the articles.
To sum up, although space exploration allows us to know more about our universe and makes our life easier, it also negatively affects the environment. Less damaging ways are needed in order for us to continue gaining knowledge and improving our life quality without hurting our planet.
Choosing Topics Related to Science and Technology
The field of science and technology is so broad that it is not very easy to decide on good science and technology topics right away. That is why we will explain the main issues to pay attention to while picking out a topic for your scientific essay:
- It must be interesting for you as a writer;
- It should be of current importance for readers;
- It has to shed light on some scientific innovations.
If you consider these three points, you’ll have an excellent opportunity to succeed in writing your essays on science and technology.
If you feel lost and unsure what is a worthy topic, try thinking about something down-to-earth and present in our daily lives. For more tips on choosing good topics, check out some brainstorming techniques in our Guide to Academic Writing or use our topic generator .
Scientific Essay: Bonus Tips
- Be sure you correctly understand the chosen problem.
- Formulate your sentences well.
- Use linking phrases within paragraphs and the text as a whole.
- Ensure that your text is cohesive and logical.
- Write in a language that would be clear even to an audience of non-professionals.
- Mind the tone and wording of your technology essay.
- Be careful not to make mistakes in spelling, grammar, style, and format.
- Sound formal but not moralizing.
- Foresee possible questions from your readers and answer them beforehand.
- Call your readers to action and push them toward an adequate response.
Although essays might be one of the most common writing assignments, our free tips are here to make your studies even more enjoyable! We hope the information presented here will help you create an excellent scientific essay. Let us know what you think about our guide in the comments below!
Further reading:
- Funny Informative Speech Topics and Ideas for Presentation
- A List of Informative Speech Topics: Best Creative Topic Ideas
- Good Informative Speech Topics: How to Get Thunders of Applause
- Social Studies Topics for Your Research Project
- Satirical Essay Examples and Best Satire Essay Topics
- Evidence: UNC Writing Center
- What Is STS: Harvard University
- An Introduction to Science and Technology Studies: London’s Global University
- What is the Study of STS? Stanford University
- Science and Technology: Gale
- Essay Structure: Ashford Writing Center
- Basic Essay and Paragraph Format: UVU Writing Center
- 100 Technology Topics for Research Papers: Owlcation
- A CS Research Topic Generator: Purdue University
- Research Topics List: NASA
- 11 of The Biggest Innovations Shaping The Future of Spaceflight Today: Insider
- Space Exploration Timeline: ALIC
- Science and Technology: Academia
- Modern Technology: ScienceDirect
- Are Space Launches Bad for the Environment?: Science Focus
- The Future of Space Exploration: University of Central Florida
- The Space Race: Digital History
- Sputnik, 1957: United States Department of State
- Space Exploration and Innovation: UNOOSA
- Benefits of Science: University of California, Berkeley
- Technology in Space Exploration and Beyond: Experimental College
- US Views of Technology and the Future: Pew Research Center
- The Development of Interest in Science: NCBI
- Science for Society: UNESCO
- Science and Technology: RAND
- The Relationship between Science and Technology: ScienceDirect
- Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) and Culture for Sustainable Development and The MDGs: United Nations
- Religion and Science: The Atlantic
- Writing the Scientific Paper: Colorado State University
- International Space Station: Facts, History & Tracking: Space.com: NASA, Space Exploration and Astronomy News
- Screaming Yeast: Sonocytology, Cytoplasmic Milieus, and Cellular Subjectivities: University of Chicago
- What is Nanotechnology?: University of Wisconsin–Madison
- 5 Influential NASA Inventions: Ohio University
- GMO Crops, Animal Food, and Beyond: US Food and Drug Administration
- Hydroponics: Oklahoma State University
- The Science of Virtual Reality: The Franklin Institute
- How Important Is Technology in Education? Benefits, Challenges, and Impact on Students: American University, Washington, DC.
- What was Pangea?: USGS
- Renewable Energy Explained: US Energy Information Administration
- Deep Space Communication and Navigation: European Space Agency
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Well, I like your tips and suggestions, but please give us some topics that are related to our issues nowadays. Also, give us some specific and eye-catching title to help us with our article. Thank you : )
Thanks for the advice, Barbie, I’ll keep that in mind 🙂
Excellent post. I’m going through a few of these issues as well.
I hope to write my Science and Technology essay successfully. I read your post and think to complete my essay on Science and Technology without any problems.
Fascinating topics for my essay on Science and Technology! Hm, don’t know which one to choose for my paper… but now this is not a big problem) Thanks!
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Some Wonders of Modern Science
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The present is an age of science. Now –a-day in all think in terms of science and its gifts to mankind. It has rendered possible a safe flight in the air, safety in finer, transmission of news of various kinds from one corner of the world to another in no time, and so on and so forth. The advantages derived from these and other glorious achievement of science, such as swift locomotion, gramophone, television, telephone, cinema, medicines, X-rays, etc. , are so intimately linked with our modern life that is simply next to impossibility to conceive of modern civilization and cultural progress something apart from science .
The world of the means of communication has been simply revolutionized and cultural by the invention of wireless. It has ensured safety of ship at sea. Radio is a source of great recreation for all. It keeps many people in touch. Now let us move to an other great discovery that is electricity. This great discovery which is has defined time and space and has added greatly to the enjoy and comfort of life is electricity .
Proficient in: Science
“ She followed all my directions. It was really easy to contact her and respond very fast as well. ”
Electric machines have largely supplanted hand – labour and are producing better necessaries of life in great abundance at much lower cost of production .
Science has not only added to our physical comforts but is also no less responsible for our mental and intellectual development and dissemination of knowledge is mainly due to the improved ways of printing. There is no doubt to say that all what is happening today is because of science.
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There is one problem and question, Is science all for human comforts? Aero planes carry passengers and mails, but they also drop bombs and kill men in thousands poisonous gasses, tanks, armoured cars, (Protected by armour (used of persons or things military) Long-range guns and others instruments of war are terribly destructive in character .
So we may also say that science , in spite of all the comforts and relief’s that is brought to humanity, is no less responsible for the misery, restlessness and worries of man . Here again there is no point in fact science is in power of man . Man is not power of science . Man is using science . Science is not using man. So it depends on us how we use it . we can use this science for the constructive as well as destructive purposes but it is up to man how he uses it.
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Wonders of modern science essay
NB : This essay contains 300 words.
Introduction: We live in the age of science. There are many wonders of modern science around us. These wonders of science have made our life easy and enjoyable. Now a day we cannot think of our life without them.
Description : From the beginning to the end of the day we go to the touch of many wonders of science. They are electricity, television, computer, internet, mobile phone, etc. All of them have become an important part of our life.
Electricity: Electricity is the main driving force of modern civilization. Today every life of both village and town has depended on it. It gives us light and runs industries, fans, TVs and other electronic things.
Television: Television is electronic media. We can see both picture and sound in it. We can enjoy many interesting programs in it. It also telecast news and views of home and abroad.
Mobile phone : Mobile phone is a medium of rapid communication. We can communicate from one place to another place in a very short time by using mobile phone. It is very essential for businessmen, the high officials, and the foreign serviceman.
Internet: Internet means international network. It is used to share information from one computer to another computer. We can collect messages, pictures, and videos from any part of the world by using it.
Conclusion : Science is a blessing for modern civilization. Though science has some demerits, proper use of it can bring welfare for human beings.
Wonders of modern science essay (2)
This essay contains 640 words.
Introduction:
Wonder of science refers to a feeling of amazement by the inventions of science. Today we live in the world of science. Science has given us many wonders. These wonders of science have made our life easier and comfortable. Science has made impossible dreams and imaginations of man possible. Man has invented great things by the observation of simple events. All the inventions of science have developed a great civilization in the world. These inventions are too many to illustrate but they are really wonders of science. Ralph Waldo Emerson has truly said, “Men love to wonder, and that is the seed of our science.”
Electricity:
We can consider electricity as the first wonder of modern science. It is also the greatest invention of modern science. It has limitless applications which include transport, heating, lighting, communications, and computation. The speedy growth in electrical technology has changed industry and society. Electricity is now called as the backbone of our modern society. The light bulb is one of the first applications of electricity that lightens our houses and streets. Electricity runs mills and factories and acts as a driving force for industrial revolution in many countries. It is an energy source for heating and refrigeration. Electricity is used to enable telecommunication across the globe. Electrical power also runs electronic devices like radio, television, mobile phone, computer etc.
Medicines and surgery:
Medicine and surgery are the science that can treat diseases and improve our health. At present, the whole world feels cure under the umbrella of medical science. Man has achieved his success to a great extent on the battle against disease by discovering wonderful medicines and diagnostic instruments. The battle against disease is still under way. There are some wonders of medical science. Firstly, cancer is a fatal disease that kills thousands of people yearly in the world. The war against cancer makes easy to treat it now and reduces the cost of treatment drastically. Another wonder is the discovery of insulin for the treatment of diabetes. Heart transplant surgery, liver transplant surgery, kidney transplant surgery etc, are now a success story in medical science.
Information technology:
The present age is the age of information technology. Wonders of the technological world are computer, internet, satellite, international Space Station, artificial intelligence, digital electronics, etc. There will be no controversy about this that computer has changed the world so much. Internet supersedes the computer in order of importance. Satellites are used for television, telephone, radio, internet, navigation, weather and many other applications. Digital electronics have made a revolution in the world in producing electronic products. Artificial Intelligence technologies have become an essential part in computer science and research. In short, information Technology has made lives on this earth easier and comfortable.
Nuclear energy
In today’s world, nuclear energy is a hot topic. It is a wonders of modern science. It has both advantages and disadvantages in the modern civilization of the world. A relatively small amount of uranium can be used to produce enough electricity to power a city of about half a million people. It has low cost, low pollution to the environment and sustainable. On the contrary, nuclear power from nuclear fission reactions is also used to make powerful weapons. If we let this energy get into the wrong hands we could look at ourselves facing an overall nuclear war. In 1945, the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki that resulted in the deaths of approximately 200,000 people were the result of nuclear fission reaction.
Wonders of modern science are so many that we cannot describe in short. Day by day, science is still increasing the number of wonders. We cannot think every moment of our life without science. Scientific inventions have it both merits and demerits. It depends on the humans to use science wisely for the betterment of society.
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Essay on Science and Technology | Science and Technology Essay for Students and Children in English
June 18, 2020 by Prasanna
Essay on Science and Technology: Science encompasses the methodical study of the physical and natural properties of our surrounding through the medium of research and experiment. Technology is the application of science to achieve a realistic goal. The combination of science and technology enables us to live a comfortable life.
Science and technology are the essences of our everyday life. They give a futuristic vision to our thoughts and actions. Science and technology contribute to promoting various aspects of our lives. Without science and technology, we would still be living in the Stone Age. The existence of the modern era is the consequence of science and technology.
You can read more Essay Writing about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.
Long and Short Essay on Science and Technology in English for Children and Kids
You will find two types of essays to suit the needs of children of different age groups. The long Essay on Science and Technology consists of 400 to 500 words. On the other hand, the Short Essay on Science and Technology is of 150 to 200 words.
Long Essay on Science and Technology 500 Words
The Essay on Science and Technology is in English for students and children from classes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. However, students appearing in competitive exams or any such examination will also find it useful.
Science and technology are two different terms, but they cannot survive without each other. Science is a systematic study of the functioning of the physical and natural environment that surrounds us. On the other hand, technology is the application of science to bring about innovative changes. The intervention of science and technology has revolutionized not only the way we think, but it has also remodeled our lives. Whether we wake up at the sound of our morning alarm or go to bed after switching off the lights, it is influencing every aspect of our lives. The intention to lead a comfortable life is compelling us to walk on the path of progress, which is not possible without the help of science and technology. We have to give credit to science and technology to make our lives comfortable and relaxed.
On the other hand, we cannot deny the harmful aspect of destruction and war as a result of science and technology. Thus, science and technology play a pivotal role in progress as well as war. However, when we weigh their pros and cons, we find that the benefits of science and technology are immeasurable.
Science and technology are indispensable in constructing a thriving economy of the nation. Economic growth climbs the technological ladder by increasing the gross domestic product. They support the establishment of high-tech industrial development, increases productivity, accumulates capital, and aids in healthy international competition. Science and technology have a tangible influence on the agricultural sector. It is needless to say that their involvement is increasing crop production by multifold. Furthermore, science and technology is also helping farmers to adopt new techniques and machines to reduce their manual labor.
Not to mention, the contribution of science and technology in the world of medicine, which is helping to develop a healthy nation. The invention of medical equipment and researches in the field is providing the cure for the deadliest diseases. Thus, we find a substantial decrease in the death rate.
Science and technology are bringing the world closer day by day. We find visible development in the department of transport and telecommunication. The introduction of the internet and metro network has overcome the barrier of physical distance. They have given a virtual makeover to every sphere of our lives.
A nation progresses when the rate of literacy is high. Science and technology have made a mark in the field of education. Its continuous presence in schools and colleges is boosting the quality of teaching and learning. Introduction of audio-visual aid, online lessons, etc. are some of the examples of science and technology in education.
The penetration of science and technology is so deep-rooted that it is difficult to imagine our day to day life without them. Thus, we can conclude that science and technology are an inevitable part of our lives.
Short Essay on Science and Technology 200 Words
The brief essay on science and technology is in English for kids from classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Nevertheless, children can utilize the piece to prepare for periodic tests, speeches, and debates.
Science and technology are an essential component of our everyday lives. The modern civilization is a contribution of science and technology.
Their presence is the reason for our improved lifestyle. The development that we see around us is a result of science and technology. Science and technology allow us to lead a comfortable life. The replacement of the bullock cart by a car is proof of science and technology. They are prevalent in every aspect of our lives. Whether it is baking a cake or a launch of a satellite, we find science and technology. With the help of science and technology, we can search for life on other planets. They alert us by predicting the weather forecast. Many lives can be saved when the metrological department warns us about the tornado, cyclone, hurricane, tsunami, etc. Thus, we cannot deny the importance of science and technology.
Science and technology are not static. Every day there is a discovery. Science and technology is a significant factor in improving various sectors, such as agriculture, industry, transport, communication, education, health, construction, etc. We avail of the benefits that science and technology provide us. The knowledge of science and technology are helping us in the betterment of our lives.
10 Lines on Science and Technology Essay in English
- Science means knowledge.
- Galileo Galilee is synonymous of Science.
- Technology means the application of science.
- The first scientific tool was spears and needles.
- Advancement in every sphere of our lives is the effect of science and technology.
- Without science and technology, we would still be living in the Stone Age.
- We avail several benefits provided to us by science and technology.
- It has provided us with a comfortable lifestyle.
- At the same time, it makes our lives very mechanical.
- Despite some disadvantages of science and technology, the human race is highly dependent on them for survival.
Conclusion on Science and Technology Essay
- Essay writing helps to improve student’s vocabulary.
- Students can develop the ability to frame sentences correctly.
- They can be well-prepared for competitive examinations and other entrance examinations.
- Students who are aspiring for government jobs can also benefit from essay writing.
- Children can hone their writing skills.
- Essay writing helps improve the ability to express.
- Moreover, it is beneficial in refining the English language.
- The Practice of essay writing prepares students for debates, speeches, and public speaking.
- Regular practice of writing essays can inculcate creativity in children.
- It improves cognitive skills in children.
FAQs on Essay Science and Technology
Question 1. How have science and technology helped us in the field of agriculture?
Answer: Science and technology introduced improved techniques and instruments to increase the production of crops.
Question 2. How have science and technology helped in saving lives?
Answer: Science and technology enable us to find a cure for deadly diseases. Furthermore, the weather forecast of a hurricane, tornado, tsunami, etc. helps to evacuate people in that region.
Question 3. Are science and technology helpful in creating a comfortable life?
Answer: Yes, the invention of the fan, heaters, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, cars, etc. are the result of science and technology. They help create a comfortable life for us.
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Example Of Essay On Renaissance And Modern Science
Type of paper: Essay
Topic: Art , Europe , Medicine , Students , Politics , Education , Renaissance , History
Words: 2250
Published: 03/03/2020
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The term renaissance was coined in the 14th and the 15th century by Italian intellectuals and was used by these intellectuals in describing their age or era the one which saw the rebirth of learning, literature and arts. This was after a long, vast and dark period through the middle ages. This period is the most disputed in European history. Ironically, though, it is the most interesting periods in the European history. Many intellects view this period as being unique and as having characteristics of its own variant with other periods in history. Another group of scholars are of the view that the renaissance period began in the last half of the 15th century and extended to the very nascent stages of the French Revolution in 1789 or more still, extended to the very end of the era of Napoleon in 1815. There is a bunch of social historians who reject the renaissance concept altogether. Generally, there are heated and varying arguments from historians over the marked differences between the middle age and the renaissance periods and whether the beginning of the modern day world can be attributed to the renaissance period. Despite the heated arguments and conflicting understanding, the scholars and historians agree that the renaissance period was a unique historical era marked with very distinct themes in literature, politics, learning art, religion, music and social life. The radical changes marking the shift or transition from the middle age to the renaissance era influenced the subsequent centuries. The Italian intellectuals viewed the ancient world depicted in Greece and Rome whose learning, politics and literature they highly admired as an important and significant age marked with great achievements. It is also their view that a lot of the literature and the learning developed in the ancient worlds of Greece and Rome got lost during the more than a hundred years of cultural darkness which followed. This period of cultural darkness is what the Italian scholars have referred to as the middle age. Italian humanists have held the view that this middle age era paved way for a new dawn which was the rebirth of the renaissance period. Petrarch, a vernacular writer and a humanist, has been viewed by many scholars as the most important figure marking the beginning of the renaissance era. The vernacular writer and scholar highly criticized the medieval habits and practices as being inadequate. He elevated literature and ancient ideals as models worth emulating. Between 1400 and 1450, a majority of Italian scholars agreed with this criticism. They supported a classical revival or a radical shift from the thoughts and habits of the middle age period. As a result of this criticism, a new intellectual movement referred to as humanism was born. This movement dominated the Italian ethical ideas, scholarship, public discourse and schooling. It spread to the larger Europe in the last half of the 15th century up to the first half of the 16th century. Both modern day historians and contemporaries also view the Great Plague which occurred between 1348 and 1350 as a dividing point between the two ages, that is, the middle age and the renaissance. The Plague had huge, devastating and tragic demographic losses as well as negative psychological impacts in the human history. Radical political changes in the period of 1400 to 1500 also marked a new dawn in the political arena. This radical political change was renaissance. England, France and Spain turned out to be powerful monarchies in the late 15th century. Quarrels among them and their continued interventions in other smaller states affairs dominated the politics of Europe. Efficiency in the distribution of printed books and other materials to all parts of Europe also ushered in a new period distinct from the past. This followed Johannes Gutenberg’s invention of the movable type in 1450 which was a clear indication of a major break from the medieval age. This enhanced a greater production and efficient distribution or dissemination of great and many volumes of books to all parts of Europe. Printing presses could be found in many towns as early as 1470. The 16th century was marked with a greater spread of printed materials and an efficient system of their distribution. This had a major impact in the way of life especially the religious and intellectual life.
Renaissance and Background to a New Science
Scholars and intellects of the renaissance era inherited greatly the intellectual views of the middle ages and their philosophical approaches, science and medicine. However, a majority of the inherited conceptions and ideas of the middle ages were highly criticized by the renaissance scholars. In the field of astronomy, the renaissance scholars and intellects inherited the Ptolemy’s concept of the sun revolving around the world. This was a highly valued conception in the ancient worlds. Nicolaus Corpernicus criticized and differed with this medieval conception. He argued that all planets revolved around the sun. The Earth was no exception. This view prevailed and was supported by a majority of the early 17th century astronomers. The protestant and Catholic religious authorities, however, highly opposed Corpernicus’ proposition. Galileo Galilei supported the Aristoterian science but later rejected it. He favored the mathematical analysis of a physical reality which he termed as the modern mechanics science over the Aristotelian science. The calendar reform was another major mathematical achievement that affected the whole of the European continent and the world at large. The Julian calendar was adopted by Renaissance Europe from the ancient Rome. One major and outstanding characteristic of the Julian calendar was that it was in arrears of ten days by the 16th century. A team of intellects was appointed in 1582 by Pope Gregory XII to assist in the preparation of a new calendar. This team deliberated on the issue and eventually came up with the modern day Gregorian calendar which is used globally. Medical scholars during the renaissance era also inherited a deeper human body understanding from the medieval scholars. Their medical healing and practice approach was based on Galen, Aristotle and Arab medical scholars of the medieval ages. The conceptions inherited from the medieval scholars did not escape criticism from the renaissance medical scholars. These scholars challenged the inherited medical conceptions and altered it. These medical scholars were referred to as medical humanists and their leader was Niccolo Leoniceno. They criticized the ancient medical conceptions and they conducted fresh investigations of the human body and its anatomy. As a result of their continued efforts to analyze and understand the human anatomy, they brought about a medical research revolution. Major parts of the human body were named after these renaissance medical intellects and scholars. For instance, the Eustachian tube was named after Bartolomeo Eustachi while the uterine or the Fallopian tube was named after Gabriele Fallopia. The larger part of research in medicine, science, law and philosophy was conducted by universities. The quality and number of universities expanded tremendously during this era of renaissance. In 1400, twenty-nine universities were inherited from the medieval age. All these universities were functional during their inheritance. Forty six new universities had been created by 1601. Only two universities were lost by closure between 1400 and 1601. The total number of universities in Europe was therefore more than twice that of the medieval period. There was an increase in the demand for universities from all directions. The most important factor contributing to the increase in the number of universities in the renaissance period was the fact that a lot of people wanted and had a great desire to learn. There was also an increased high demand for trained professionals in the society. Cities, princes and monarchs needed educated civil servants and other personnel especially those who had law degrees. A degree in medicine enabled its holder to practice as a court physician, private physician or to be employed by the town authorities. There was also an increased demand for theological degrees stimulated by the Catholic and Protestants reformations. There was an increased demand for court judges and lawyers after the adoption of the Roman law in Europe. Protestants and Catholic Germans therefore continued studying in the Italian based universities which were the main centers for studying the Roman law.
Disintegration of the Social, Political and Theological Order
The renaissance period led to the evolution of a variegated society characterized by the emergence of various classes or categories of people raging from nobles to peasants and slaves. This age was marked by a conspicuous consumption of means using both ethical and unethical means. There were huge imbalances in the distribution of resources and wealth. The renaissance period saw strong intellectual and cultural unity during its nascent stages. The prolonged Italian wars and the period of Protestant reformation cracked this unity. The disintegration of the strong cultural and intellectual has been viewed by many scholars as an attempted reversion to the old social order which existed during the medieval times. These heightened cultural and intellectual disintegrations led the Thirty years of war in Europe. Renaissance states were characterized by existence of three government forms; oligarchies, monarchies and princedoms. The oligarchies were also referred to as the republics by the renaissance. The republics were ruled by the consent of the people who inhabited them. This consent was expressed through a voting process. However, only a small percentage of adult males could participate in the voting process. The government comprised of those members of the society who were influential, for instance, lawyers, leading merchants and banks. Workers, clergymen and those who were lowly ranked in the society were not included in the government. Those in government wielded arbitrary powers and could at times exercise these powers arbitrarily. Monarchies ruled subjects who spoke multiple languages. Their laws of succession were developed such that whoever was to take on the reign of power was known in advance. During the renaissance period, the monarchies grew and increased in size. The powers of monarchs also became clearly defined. Territorial conflicts between monarchies dominated the international politics during the renaissance period. Princedoms were characterized by the existence of a prince who ruled a particular state with support from his family members. The prince had absolute authority of making decisions which concerned all the inhabitants of that particular state. There existed no means of checking the exercise of powers of the prince and he could therefore abuse his powers regularly. There was a great variance in the source and nature of the prince’s powers. The prince status was obtained by displacing a ruler by war, force, assassination, bribery, purchase or diplomacy. Most often, princes used a combination of these means to come to power. The prince would then promulgate laws which made him the legitimate ruler of the inhabitants. He also came up with laws of succession which ensured that he would be succeeded by his son or one of his family members. Development of diplomacy gained roots during the renaissance period. This was necessitated by the shifting and changing political realities at the time. The constant political instabilities in the republics, the frequent wars between these states and the ever increasing fights over supremacy called for mechanisms of quenching. This resulted to diplomatic means of dispute resolution. The prince wielded a lot of powers especially powers to enforce laws, collect taxes and quell rebellions. During the period of renaissance, the middle age theology suffered fragmentation. Renaissance theologians had opposed the medieval theologians’ conceptions and had adopted new religious conceptions. Protestanism and Catholicism were the major conceptions of the medieval periods. With renaissance, other religions gained popularity. Islam, for instance, gained popularity and started spreading to the Asiatic countries. The medieval conception of the existence of only two religious factions stopped holding ground in the renaissance period.
Humanistic Thought, Art and Court Culture
During the renaissance era, humanism was based on humanistic studies of grammar, poetry, rhetoric, moral and historical philosophy founded on ancient authors’ studies; and, good qualities which made men and women to be human. Humanism taught principles of leading a morally upright, successful and responsible life on earth. Humanism highly criticized those conceptions and principles that were inherited from the medieval period especially when the inherited conceptions conflicted with the renaissance beliefs. Humanists challenged and criticized medieval art, philosophy and government. They focused their critical minds to learning new conceptions of humanism. This brought about a new form of intellectual unity in the larger Europe. The renaissance period also saw the development of courts and the court culture especially in Italy. The fragmentation of the city states also contributed to the development of courts and the court culture. Customary court activities orbited around castles, villas and hunting lodges of the rulers. Court artists during the renaissance period were used as communication vehicles and they articulated status on the ruling family’s behalf.
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