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Stephen Hawking Essay

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Stephen Hawking was one of the greatest scientists of the century. He was a very unique person. He proposed and proved many theories. He explained the theory of the black hole. He wrote a book called ‘The Brief History of Time’ in which he explained about the black hole. He also described the concepts of relativity and big-bang theory in this book. 

Stephen Hawking is an inspiration to all of us. He suffered from a fatal motor neuron disease that affected his spinal cord. He was diagnosed with this disease in his early 20’s and doctors predicted that he was not likely to live more than 5years. His body was paralyzed and he moved about in a wheelchair for the rest of his life. Though he could not sit up straight, yet he kept working on his theories of Physics and amazed the medical experts by surviving for 55 more years. 

Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford on January 8, 1942. He was born in very adverse circumstances. His parents were not well off and he was born during the Second World War. It was believed that Germany would attack Britain at any time. At that time, Oxford was considered a safe place, so Stephen Hawking’s parents moved to Oxford. His father's name was Frank and his mother's name was Isobel Hawkins. Isobel worked as a secretary in the Medical Research Institute, and Frank was a Medical Researcher. In 1950, when Hawkins's father became the Head of the Division of Parasitology at the National Institute of Medical Research, the family moved to St. Albans.

In the early days of the academy, Stephen Hawking was a good student. He loved board games. According to his friends, Hawkins, along with the rest of his friends, had created a game that only they used to play among themselves. Together with his friends, he had made a computer putting together the recycled parts so that he could use it to solve complex mathematical equations. When Stephen Hawking joined Oxford University, he was 17 years old. He wanted to study Math there but there was no specialized degree in Math, so he turned to Physics, and later he turned towards Cosmology. After graduating in natural science in 1962, he went to Cambridge University to pursue a PhD in cosmology. In 1968, he was made a member of Cambridge's Institute of Astronomy which gave a new direction to his research. That is when he started research on the black hole. He was then inducted into the Royal Society in 1974, a World Wide Fellowship of Scientists. In 1979, he became an Education Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, which is regarded as the most famous academic chair in the world.

Fight with His Disease

Stephen Hawking, at the age of 21, was diagnosed with a motor neuron disease (MND) (also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)) disease. It is a dangerous neurological disease, due to which the nerve cells that control the movement of the muscles of the body gradually stop working, due to which the body gets paralyzed. When he was in Oxford, he felt many times that he was not well, sometimes he used to fall suddenly while walking, or used to stop completely while speaking. He became very clumsy. However, he continued to ignore all these things before 1963 and did not tell anyone about it. 

When his father saw his condition in 1963, he took him to the doctor and he was diagnosed with motor neuron disease (MND) (also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)). Doctors said that Stephen Hawking would only be able to stay alive for the next few years. His illness became a big reason for him to carry out his studies and he became a great scientist. Hawking himself said that until he was not diagnosed with the disease, his life was very boring. However, after diagnosis, when he came to know that he would be able to live for only a few years, he had put all his attention in his work and research so that he could fully utilize his remaining life. His illness captured him slowly, and as result, he was no longer able to walk due to which he had to move about in a wheelchair. He lost his voice completely in the year 1985. At this time, his condition was so bad that he was kept in 24 hours medical surveillance, and California’s computer programmers came to help him. They developed software that works based on eye movement.

Contribution Towards Science

In his research, he found that if this universe started with the Big Bang, then it would end with the Big Bang. He also explained Albert Einstein's theory of relativity. Using the General Theory of Relativity and Quantum Theory together, he gave us the concept of Hawking Radiation in which we came to know that Black Holes do not always exist, they leave the Hawking Radiation continuously. Hawking also explained the concept of Penrose– Hawking theorems, Blackhole information paradox, Micro black hole, Primordial black hole, Chronology protection conjecture, Soft hair (No hair theorem), Bekenstein–Hawking formula, Hawking energy, Hawking-Page phase transition.

Conclusion:

Stephen Hawking died on 14 March 2018 at his home. A man whose body didn’t support him achieved all so much that he became an inspiration for the next generations. Stephen Hawking used to give lectures even when he was not well. Motivate people to do a PhD. Stephen Hawking always used to say the same thing, no matter how difficult life may be, you can always do something, you can be successful if you work hard. An inspirational message for everyone.

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6. Stephen Hawking Suffering from Which Disease? How Did it Affect His Body?

Stephen Hawking suffered from motor neuron disease (MND) (also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)). It’s a dangerous disease which paralyzed his entire body. Due to this, he could neither walk nor speak. Hawkins himself said that until he had not been diagnosed with that disease, his life was very boring. After he got to know that he can only live for 2 years in a proper way he concentrated on his researchers and lived his life to the fullest. His illness became a big reason for him to become a great scientist.

Stephen Hawking Essay in English

The acutest of intellect that probably held the keys to opening the door of understanding the mysteries of time and space has been lost, at least in the physical realm of our existence.

The cynosure for millions of inquiring minds he was the pinnacle of scientific temper and enterprising intrigue. He breathed his last at the ripe old age of 76.

Table of Contents

An Unparalleled Genius

An unparalleled genius that conquered the odd at personal and cosmological levels, Steven W.Hawking influenced and inspired many a generation. He is widely regarded as one of the most shining minds in the spheres of Cosmology and Astrophysics, an heir apparent to Einstein himself.

Given two years to live, in 1963, he was diagnosed with a rare and debilitating motor-neuron disorder called Lou Gehrig’s disease or ALS(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis).

He did not accept the writing on the wall and lived for another 55 years. Deprived of the abilities to write or move, he used his powers to bring out something of his thought and creativity.

His Achievements

Among his many achievements, the post of Lucasian Professor at Cambridge for three decades was a highlight. The post was once honoured by Sir Isaac Newton himself.

He was awarded the CBE ( Commander of the Order of the British Empire ) in 1982, an honour just second to knighthood.

At the age of 32, he was inducted as one of the youngest Fellows in the Royal Society . Even though he was a British citizen, he was awarded the American Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009.

A man of miracles, he refused limitations of circumstance many times. Just like when he survived Pneumonia by having a Tracheotomy in 1985 which left his speech impaired. Undefeated, he started using a computerized speech synthesizer. And miraculously the progression of his ALS froze to almost static.

From the complex world of sub-atomic Quantum Theory to the unfettered expansion of the Cosmos, the great mind played a crucial role on both the edges of human understanding and curiosity of Physics.

He posited the ‘Hawking’s Paradox’ that suggests a mathematical inconsistency between Einstein’s theory of relativity and quantum theory. A challenge still undefeated in the field of Physics.

It was his bestselling book titled ‘A Brief History of Time’ that made him a star. The book has sold an estimated 10 million copies since its release in 1988.

Revealing the complexities of the Universe for the non-academicians and non-physicists through the book brought his name among domestic households.

Hawking Radiation

Using Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity, he and fellow British scientist Roger Penrose pointed toward a definitive beginning and end of space and time mosaic.

This led to the theory that black holes aren’t completely black, but emit radiation and eventually disappear and the demystification of Black Holes as being really black abyssal spheres of despair . In other words, they dissipate energy, explode and eventually disappear into insignificance .

The radiation named ‘Hawking Radiation’ linked black holes with the rest of the Universe and provided an alternative to the erstwhile perception of black holes as the dead-end for the laws of Physics.

Other Side of Hawking

Far from being perfect, he did have his faults and follies. His first wife Jane Wilde considered him to be a very egotistical, misogynistic and unflattering image of the man.

Perhaps he was not even the best Physicist of his time and famously lost a few bets with his peers like the ’information paradox i.e. loss of physical information stored in a black hole at its demise’ or that the discovery of ‘ Higgs-Boson particle ’ was not possible.

The fact that he never won a Nobel Prize does not help the claim of him being the most successful in his field. Even though he did win a plethora of other awards like Albert Einstein Award, the Fundamental Physics Prize etc and had an incredible 12 Honorary Degrees .

Even his vocal commentaries of God and religions received both flak and admiration. Unlike Einstein who believed in invisible guidance (in the Universe), Hawking declared that God was not needed in the creation or running of the Universe in his book Grand Design.

In an interview with CNN, he opined that God may exist but was not necessary to explain the creation of Universe as, “Science is increasingly answering the questions that used to be in the province of religion.”

Turning to philosophy and metaphysics, he relegated religion to a realm circumscribed by Physics. Apart from his fierce scientific curiosity, it was his rapier-like wit and impeccable sense of humour that made him a darling to so many of his peers and admirers.

He showed an indefatigable spirit and travelled in hot-air balloons and zero-gravity Boeing 727s. From appearing on TV in shows like Star Trek: Next Generation, The Big Bang Theory, The Simpsons etc and his life being translated to film screens through the much-acclaimed movie, ‘Theory of Everything’, he enthralled and captivated numerous hearts.

A Good Human

Even though he had a streak of nasty arrogance in him, he amply showed politeness and compassion exclusive to only the very best of humanity. Not surrendering to his natural physical incapacities and leveraging his seemingly supernatural abilities, he became an icon that transcended science.

The iconography of a wheelchair-bound man with head rested on side spinning the most magnificent of ‘scientific fairy tales’ will surely withstand the test of time and space.

He regarded aggression as the biggest human failing or a relic from the ‘Caveman’ days and archaic for the present age. He had his reservations about Artificial Intelligence and shared concerns about the environment and human tendency to self-destruct.

Rejecting the atmosphere of isolation and describing Donald Trump as “a demagogue appealing to the lowest common denominator” (in ITV’s Good Morning Britain) he always had trenchant observations on myriad issues.

He will forever be a lodestar for the triumph of hope over adversity, ability over fate and will over the body. As the man himself put it, “However difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at. It matters that you don’t just give up.”

He is survived by 3 children and 3 grandchildren. Although, his demise has left a yawning Black Hole of intellect and intelligence that might never be filled. Maybe he is still extant in what he would call a better part of the Multiverse.

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