how to write a counterclaim paragraph in an argumentative essay

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How to write a Counterclaim paragraph, sentence or Rebuttal

by Joseph Kenas
November 23, 2021

If you are writing an argumentative essay, you will find yourself including counterclaims. In this guide, we guide you on how to write a good counterclaim in an essay and how to frame your counterclaim sentence and paragraph in rebuttal.

Counterclaims are mostly included in an argumentative essay where you are required to convince your readers to agree with your arguments and point of view concerning the topic in question.

What is a Counterclaim in an Essay?

A counterclaim can be regarded as the argument or arguments that oppose the thesis statement in your essay. Within the introduction, you introduce the topic and create a thesis statement in the last sentence that makes it clear to your audience the point(s) you want to prove and the strategy you will use to prove it.

The counterclaim demonstrates to the reader that you have put into consideration the perspectives of the opposing side and you find such perspectives to be weak.

As such, a counterclaim will allow you to respond to the potential arguments of your readers before they complete reading the essay.

how to write a counterclaim paragraph in an argumentative essay

Additionally, a counterclaim demonstrates that both sides of the debate have been put into consideration, hence strengthening your position.

Difference Between a Claim and a Counterclaim

There is a big difference between a claim and a counterclaim. When writing essays, one may need to include both in the same essay, especially when presenting an argumentative topic.

The difference between a claim and a counterclaim lies in their assertion. A claim is a statement that demonstrates the position of argument or the assertion of a fact or a truth. On the other hand, a counterclaim is an argument that negates a specific claim by rebutting it. While a claim asserts the writer’s argument, a counterclaim rebuts.

When writing an essay, particularly an argumentative essay, you will have a topic and a thesis statement that will show the readers the points you are going to prove and how you will prove them.

Most of your paper will be dedicated to proving your claim to the reader so that they can agree with your point of view.

A good claim should be arguable and at times controversial to allow the readers to think otherwise about your perspectives as the writer.

It can also come up with their interpretations concerning the topic.

Because of this, the essay will be based on the claim and you will demonstrate why your claim is accepted. On the other hand, a counterclaim is a statement of opposition that will allow the readers to perceive the whole picture of the arguments.

Though this is the case, the counterclaim demonstrates that the writer has anticipated arguments against their claim and has provided proof, through the counterclaim, that the readers’ perspectives are false or weak.

As such, when the counterclaim is stated, it is addressed concerning its weaknesses or limitations. This enhances the claim’s strength.

How to Write a Good Counterclaim in an Essay

If you wish to write a good counterclaim, make sure that it takes the form of two stages.

The first stage is where you go against your claim or argument so that you can challenge it and the second stage is where you turn back to your claim or argument to re-affirm it.

When writing a good counterclaim, you imagine that some of your readers will be skeptical and you have to make them agree with you.

For example, if you want to present a counterclaim showing that there was a problem with how you demonstrated your claims, like an unwarranted assumption, certain evidence was played down or ignored, and so on, you can support the counterclaim by presenting the disadvantages or drawbacks of the issues with the presentation. Then, give an alternative proposal or alternative that would make more sense to the readers.

To refute the counterclaim, you announce with words like ‘yet’, ‘but’, ‘however’, ‘still’, or ‘nevertheless’ to indicate that you are about to show why the counterclaim is wrong. Acknowledge that it is a good claim but demonstrate that yours might help the argument more.

Where to Write a Counterclaim in an Essay

A counterclaim can be included anywhere within the body of the essay except the conclusion. There are some cases where you can write a counterclaim at the second last sentence of the introduction paragraph followed by the thesis statement which acts as the refutation.

You can also write a counterargument after the introduction to show the anticipated reaction to your point of view before moving forward with writing your actual claims.

Moving forward, the reason why you cannot place the counterclaim within the conclusion is that you have to include a rebuttal paragraph or statements after you have written the counterclaim. Therefore, a counterclaim located at the conclusion will miss the rebuttal paragraph or statements.

However, argumentative essays can take different structures. Even though such essays will have a basic structure of an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion, the differences will occur within the body paragraphs. Such differences dictate where the counterclaim(s) are located.

There is a structure where the counterclaims are located within all the body paragraphs. In this case, you will write your claim, followed by a counterclaim, and then a rebuttal. This means that for every claim you present to support your thesis, there will be a counterclaim and a rebuttal.

The most common structure is where you present your claims and present the counterclaim(s) before the conclusion. The counterclaim is immediately followed by a rebuttal.

Dos and Don’ts of Writing a Counterclaim

When it comes to the dos of writing a counterclaim, always ensure that it is followed by a rebuttal to demonstrate that your claims are superior to it. Secondly, courteously present your counterclaims to avoid upsetting the reader.

Acknowledge the anticipated arguments from the readers.

Demonstrate that the readers’ points of view are valid but your perspective makes more sense.

Finally, appeal to the logic of the readers through the use of valid evidence.

Concerning the don’ts when writing a counterclaim, do not include a counterargument just for the sake of it.

Make sure that the counterargument is valid in its own right and it is verifiable through evidence.

This is because your readers will also use logic and evidence when thinking about your claims. Secondly, do not use a disrespectful or uncourteous tone when addressing the other side of the argument.

Examples of Counterclaims

A counterclaim in a separate paragraph.

Counterclaim: “Opponents argue that after-school sports can increase the likelihood of sports-related injuries (Bancroft, 2018). Even minor injuries sustained from participation in after-school sports increase absent rates and the expense of creating injury reports for students (Sizemore, 2019)” .

Refutation: “Although students do suffer both serious and minor injuries in after-school sports, these injuries are quite rare (Kinney, 2016) .

Embedded Within a Paragraph

“Without free after-school sports programs, many students would still play sports without adult supervision and even more injuries would result”. Counterclaim : “However, some people would argue that after-school sports can increase the likelihood of sports-related injuries (Sizemore 2019)”. Refutation: “Although students do suffer both serious and minor injuries in after-school sports, without school-sponsored sports, the likelihood of more injuries from less supervised recreational leagues or privately sponsored leagues with fewer safety regulations would be much worse” .

How Long Should a Counterclaim Be?

A counterclaim can be as long as a paragraph if it appears after the introduction paragraph or at the end of the body before the conclusion. However, if a counterclaim is located within a paragraph, it can be a few sentences long (2-3).

However, the length of a counterclaim depends on the length of a claim in general. You can learn more about how to write a claim paragraph in that guide so that you can learn the two in general.

How many Counterclaims can you Put?

This depends on the structure of the essay. If the counterclaim appears after the introduction or before the conclusion, then it will only be one. However, if it is embedded within paragraphs, then they will be as many as the supportive augments.

This is because they will be used to refute every claim made within the body paragraph. If your supporting claims are 5 then the counterclaims will be 5 and so on.

Check out how to write college essays in our guide that we hope will lead you to score well.

Joseph is a freelance journalist and a part-time writer with a particular interest in the gig economy. He writes about schooling, college life, and changing trends in education. When not writing, Joseph is hiking or playing chess.

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How to write counterclaim: essential guide.

October 20, 2021

Are you trying to address your opinion and convince someone of your point of view? A counterclaim is what you need! A claim is an idea or an opinion that someone stands by. A counterclaim, however, is an opposing point of view about the concept. A strategic argumentative essay defines what the other side may say and explains why their claim is wrong; this is a counterclaim.

A counterclaim is included in argumentative writing and thesis to convince the reader to accept your claim. It’s essential to craft a good counterclaim to convince and get the reader on your side. The blog will provide you with complete insight into everything you need to know about writing counterclaims.

What is a Counterclaim in Writing?

A counterclaim is the other side of the argument or your original claim. In your claim, you make clear what you plan to prove. The counterclaim paragraph shows the opponent’s side of viewpoint and defines it in a way that seems weak and invalid.

The main aim behind the counterclaim is to convince the reader of your point of view. Hence, it’s essential to write a strong counterclaim paragraph to answer all the potential arguments the reader might have. A counterclaim essay, if done well, shows that the writer has considered both sides of the picture, which strengthens its position. Argumentative writing, thesis, or any other assignments that may involve convincing the audience in favor of your point of view can Use counterclaims to persuade the audience of the writer’s opinion. Any form of writing that involves more than one point of you can use claims and counterclaims to simplify the situation.

An argumentative essay is written in the following steps: Claim Counterclaim/ Counterclaims Rebuttal

Learning how to draft counterclaims is essential for every student. Individuals may need to convince the audience of their point of view when they step into real life. If you find yourself in any form of debate, you will always have a claim to fight for. You will have to create counterclaims to tell the audience about all the aspects that you have considered and then let them know the best possible option through a rebuttal.

The concept of counterclaims is also helpful for Law and business students in attaining their degrees. For law students, many cases may require a lawyer to draft a substantial counterclaim and rebuttal for the opponent in the legal issues. Likewise, in the business field, the concept of counterclaim may help the business evaluate the effectiveness of each contract. Also, considering all the contradictory aspects of your claim in any form of writing creates a good impression. The writer appears to be thoughtful, and just by considering and mentioning all the arguments, there may be present against his claim.

Claims vs. Counterclaims

How to find counterclaim.

There are a few steps and options to consider when trying to find a counterclaim:

You need to identify the target audience that will be most affected by the claim.
After you have identified your target audience, you can do quick questioning from an individual representing each group against their problems with your claim.
Meanwhile, the writer should also form an idea of the possible alternative points of view the audience may have against the main claim.
An alternative to finding a counterclaim is to note down all the disadvantages or alternative explanations that your target audience may have. However, the first option is more effective as this may allow you to find the counterclaims that may not be in your mind.

Where Do You Put A Counterclaim in an Essay?

When writing counterclaims in an essay, it’s essential to introduce the reader to the claim or the original argument. The claim is your point of view and can be argued by the reader. There is usually one main claim for which the argumentative essay revolves around. The claim is generally introduced in the introductory paragraph of your article or thesis. Right after the claim comes your counterclaim, which are the possible concerns the audience might have against your claim.

How to Introduce A Counterclaim?

There are various options you can consider on how to start a counterclaim paragraph, for example:

“On the other hand, some people say….” “Certainly, some people say….” “Admittedly, some people might say….” “A common counterpoint is often….”

You can start the counterclaim by explaining what counter-arguments the claim has. A good counterclaim paragraph will strengthen your essay and your position in the eyes of the reader.

How to Write a Counterclaim?

When writing a counterclaim, you need to imagine a skeptical reader and then draft your counterclaim paragraph. In the counterclaim, cite all the critics or sources who may resist your claim. The main aim behind the counterclaim is to address all the possible concerns of the reader to refute them. You can manage them by using the following words:

“However, some socials would certainly believe….” “Here, many feminists would argue….” “The opposing view is that….”

Moreover, it’s also vital that you evaluate your claim for all the possible problems and disadvantages that the claim may have. After introducing the counterclaim, discuss why it is incorrect. Also, use this part of the essay to think of alternate solutions that the claim may have in the following words:

“Alternatively, the issue could be viewed….” “Others may conclude….” “Despite this information….”

Explain the counterclaim as clearly and briefly as you can. It’s also an excellent strategy to prove where possible to weaken the opponent’s point of view.

How to Write A Good Counterclaim?

There are few tips that you can keep in mind when drafting a counterclaim.

Never introduce your counterclaim in the introductory paragraph: It’s a rule you should abide by to create an effective essay. Stating a counterclaim in the introduction makes the essay look vague.
When you start your counterclaim do not state it as right or wrong: Talk about why a counterclaim is believed instead of considering it right or wrong. Write a counterclaim in a way that the reader automatically turns in your favor.
Always choose the best words for your counterclaim: You don’t want to sound rude to the reader so always choose the words wisely.
It’s also essential to be just and unbiased as you write a counterclaim: To strengthen your thesis or argument you should always sound unbiased towards your opinion. The reader should know that you talking on the basis of facts and you don’t just want to implement your point of view.
Always provide evidence that supports your counterclaim: Providing evidence where ever possible is another great way to write counterclaims. Providing evidence to support the counterclaim makes it easier to convince the reader of your claim.

What Is A Rebuttal?

Your response to the counterclaim is known as the rebuttal. In this section, you showcase the evidence that disagrees with the counterclaim. You present all your reasoning to shoot down the opponent’s disagreement and bring them to your side. The comebacks are always intense; likewise, a rebuttal paragraph should clearly explain why you support your claim. An excellent rebuttal might involve research to get the full knowledge of the facts. This will also allow you to resolve the argument in the best way.

How To Write Counterclaim And Rebuttal?

After the counterclaim argument, we come to the solution in the form of a rebuttal. In the counterclaim, the paragraph mentions the counterargument a reader might have for your claim. Then we move on to resolving the debate by writing a rebuttal. It’s crucial to sound polite as you start with your rebuttal. The tone of your essay can make a significant impact on the audience; therefore, make sure to respect the different options as you write a rebuttal. There are few examples of how you can begin your rebuttal:

“Although some people think..others understand….” “The Evidence, however, clearly supports the argument that….” “This may be an understandable concern, however….”

Moreover, provide a point-by-point reply to all the counterclaims you have outlined. Make sure not to miss out on any counterclaim otherwise, your essay will look incomplete and vague. Also, if you miss out on any counterclaim in your rebuttal, this may weaken your claim. Rebuttal marks the end of your argument, so it’s advised to finish it with friendly and positive sentences. The tone of the rebuttal will let the audience know that you have done your best to come up with the best solution to the counterclaim. Lastly, when your rebuttal is done and your argument is sorted, it’s time to review your work. Read your work from the perspective of the reviewer. Will they be satisfied by the explanations you have given? Is the text clear and easily comprehendible? If the answer to all these questions is yes, you can submit your paper or argument confidently.

Example Of Claim, Counterclaim, And Rebuttal

Claim: Cellphones should be banned from school as they distract students from learning Counterclaim: Others may say that students should carry cell phones for emergency purposes. Rebuttal: There are many other less disruptive ways parents can use to communicate with their kids.

Need Help Writing A Counterclaim?

Writing a counterclaim for your thesis can be tricky, and you may need help with your work. Our writing services offer assistance for writing counterclaims. They offer reliable and creative solutions for all your writing needs. Our writers make sure to do proper research for the content so that there is no room for error. Our researchers are well versed in the services they offer. The writing services can easily be accessed online and cater to all the assignments of college, university, and other classes. You can contact the writing services for a custom-based package if you hire them for a long-term basis. Even the professors can benefit from the writing services by getting their student’s work proofread.

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Counterargument

When you make an argument in an academic essay, you are writing for an audience that may not agree with you. In fact, your argument is worth making in the first place because your thesis will not be obvious—or obviously correct—to everyone who considers the question you are asking or the topic you’re addressing. Once you figure out what you want to argue—your essay’s thesis—your task in writing the essay will be to share with your readers the evidence you have considered and to explain how that evidence supports your thesis.

But just offering your readers evidence that supports your thesis isn’t enough. You also need to consider potential counterarguments—the arguments that your readers could reasonably raise to challenge either your thesis or any of the other claims that you make in your argument. It can be helpful to think of counterarguments to your thesis as alternative answers to your question. In order to support your thesis effectively, you will need to explain why it is stronger than the alternatives.

A counterargument shouldn’t be something you add to your essay after you’ve finished it just because you know you’re supposed to include one. Instead, as you write your essay, you should always be thinking about points where a thoughtful reader could reasonably disagree with you. In some cases, you will be writing your essay as a counterargument to someone else’s argument because you think that argument is incorrect or misses something important. In other cases, you’ll need to think through—and address—objections that you think readers may have to your argument.

While it may be tempting to ignore counterarguments that challenge your own argument, you should not do this. Your own argument will be stronger if you can explain to your readers why the counterarguments they may pose are not as strong or convincing as your own argument. If you come up with a counterargument that you can’t refute, then you may decide to revise your thesis or some part of your argument. While that could be frustrating in the moment, challenging your own thinking is an important part of the writing process. By considering potential counterarguments, you will figure out if you actually agree with your own argument. In many cases, you will discover that a counterargument complicates your argument, but doesn’t refute it entirely.

Some counterarguments will directly address your thesis, while other counterarguments will challenge an individual point or set of points elsewhere in your argument. For example, a counterargument might identify

a problem with a conclusion you’ve drawn from evidence
a problem with an assumption you’ve made
a problem with how you are using a key term
evidence you haven’t considered
a drawback to your proposal
a consequence you haven’t considered
an alternative interpretation of the evidence

Consider the following thesis for a short paper that analyzes different approaches to stopping climate change:

Climate activism that focuses on personal actions such as recycling obscures the need for systemic change that will be required to slow carbon emissions.

The author of this thesis is promising to make the case that personal actions not only will not solve the climate problem but may actually make the problem more difficult to solve. In order to make a convincing argument, the author will need to consider how thoughtful people might disagree with this claim. In this case, the author might anticipate the following counterarguments:

By encouraging personal actions, climate activists may raise awareness of the problem and encourage people to support larger systemic change.
Personal actions on a global level would actually make a difference.
Personal actions may not make a difference, but they will not obscure the need for systemic solutions.
Personal actions cannot be put into one category and must be differentiated.

In order to make a convincing argument, the author of this essay may need to address these potential counterarguments. But you don’t need to address every possible counterargument. Rather, you should engage counterarguments when doing so allows you to strengthen your own argument by explaining how it holds up in relation to other arguments.

How to address counterarguments

Once you have considered the potential counterarguments, you will need to figure out how to address them in your essay. In general, to address a counterargument, you’ll need to take the following steps.

State the counterargument and explain why a reasonable reader could raise that counterargument.
Counter the counterargument. How you grapple with a counterargument will depend on what you think it means for your argument. You may explain why your argument is still convincing, even in light of this other position. You may point to a flaw in the counterargument. You may concede that the counterargument gets something right but then explain why it does not undermine your argument. You may explain why the counterargument is not relevant. You may refine your own argument in response to the counterargument.
Consider the language you are using to address the counterargument. Words like but or however signal to the reader that you are refuting the counterargument. Words like nevertheless or still signal to the reader that your argument is not diminished by the counterargument.

Here’s an example of a paragraph in which a counterargument is raised and addressed. The two steps are highlighted ( yellow for the counterargument and blue for the “counter” to the counterargument):

But some experts argue that it’s important for individuals to take action to mitigate climate change. In “All That Performative Environmentalism Adds Up,” Annie Lowery argues that personal actions to fight climate change, such as reducing household trash or installing solar panels, matter because change in social behavior can lead to changes in laws. [1] While Lowery may be correct that individual actions can lead to collective action, this focus on individual action can allow corporations to receive positive publicity while continuing to burn fossil fuels at dangerous rates.

Where to address counterarguments

There is no one right place for a counterargument—where you raise a particular counterargument will depend on how it fits in with the rest of your argument. The most common spots are the following:

Before your conclusion This is a common and effective spot for a counterargument because it’s a chance to address anything that you think a reader might still be concerned about after you’ve made your main argument. Don’t put a counterargument in your conclusion, however. At that point, you won’t have the space to address it, and readers may come away confused—or less convinced by your argument.
Before your thesis Often, your thesis will actually be a counterargument to someone else’s argument. In other words, you will be making your argument because someone else has made an argument that you disagree with. In those cases, you may want to offer that counterargument before you state your thesis to show your readers what’s at stake—someone else has made an unconvincing argument, and you are now going to make a better one.
After your introduction In some cases, you may want to respond to a counterargument early in your essay, before you get too far into your argument. This is a good option when you think readers may need to understand why the counterargument is not as strong as your argument before you can even launch your own ideas. You might do this in the paragraph right after your thesis.
Anywhere that makes sense As you draft an essay, you should always keep your readers in mind and think about where a thoughtful reader might disagree with you or raise an objection to an assertion or interpretation of evidence that you are offering. In those spots, you can introduce that potential objection and explain why it does not change your argument. If you think it does affect your argument, you can acknowledge that and explain why your argument is still strong.

[1] Annie Lowery, “All that Performative Environmentalism Adds Up.” The Atlantic . August 31, 2020. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/08/your-tote-bag-can-make...

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How to Write an Effective Counterclaim in 5 Steps

So, you’re laboring over a killer argumentative essay — and you want to make absolutely sure that you have all your bases covered? Your essay absolutely needs at least one counterclaim with a rebuttal if you are determined to make it the best it can be.

Unless you are already an experiences essayist, however, it can prove tough to write a solid counterclaim. Watch and learn — with this guide, you’ll get ready to write a powerful counterclaim in no time!

Essay Counterclaim: The Basics

The “too long; didn’t read” version is as follows — a counterclaim is a rhetorical tool used in essay writing. You present a viewpoint for which you are not arguing in a counterclaim, and then proceed to refute it; explaining why people should disagree with the opposing argument and agree with you, instead.

As you’re writing your essay, you will inevitably make various claims. Claims can be defined as debatable statements — the views for which you are arguing in your essay. Your thesis statement will be the main, overarching, claim you make in your essay, and this can be followed by multiple further claims in favor of your argument.

Let’s see this in action:

Thesis: “Unleashed dogs are a serious public health concern in Masonville. Policy must be amended to make it mandatory for all dogs to be leashed, at all times, and fines must be imposed on those who fail to comply.”
Claim: “Unleashed dogs have decimated the local deer population.”
Claim: “5 children and an elderly person have sustained serious dog bites that required medical attention in the last three years.”
Claim: “Data from other jurisdictions shows that imposing penalties for unleashed dogs reduces incidents with dogs immensely.”

If your essay looks something like this, you’re building a compelling case. You have defined your viewpoint, offered arguments that lead to a conclusion, and you have also shared data that your proposed solution could work.

What’s missing?

To truly make a convincing argument, you have to show that you understand the subject matter you are tackling deeply — something that inevitably includes listening to the opposing side in the argument.

That is where your counterclaim comes in. A counterclaim can be defined as a claim that directly opposes yours.

If your reaction is “Wait, what!? I have to argue against myself?” right now, hold on. There are multiple strong reasons to include a counterclaim in your essay. Here’s a look:

By including a counterclaim, or indeed multiple, you show that you don’t have tunnel vision. You have also considered the other side.
Readers who support the other side of the argument will likely react with a “Yes, that’s right!”. This has the effect of making them feel heard, which in turn makes them more open to listening to you.
After all that, you can — finally — respectfully and artfully refute the counterclaim. You understand the opposing viewpoint and you have deeply considered its merits, but you disagree. Lay out why, and why those who previously agreed with the opposing argument might want to consider coming over to your side, instead.

Let’s see that in action again:

Many dog owners claim that leashing dogs robs them of the ability to run around and have fun — something they consider integral to their dogs’ health and wellbeing. While it is certainly true that dogs need exercise, long leashes allow for plenty of freedom of movement. Dog parks, where dogs could run free, are another possible solution in this case.

Claim vs Counterclaim: What Is the Difference?

The difference between a claim and a counterclaim can best be summed up by saying that a claim is used to argue the position you are defending in your essay, while a counterclaim takes the opposing viewpoint. A counterclaim is an argument against your argument, in other words.

That is not the only difference between the two. To make an effective claim, a writer simply has to:

Make the claim.
Provide evidence or logical arguments supporting the claim.
Where desired, follow this with rhetorical tools such as appeals to emotion or logic to further convince the audience.

A counterclaim requires more elements:

The counterclaim itself — which states an opposing argument.
Evidence that people in fact hold this view is very much welcomed; to make a good counterclaim, you cannot simply lay out positions that are almost never taken.
An explanation as to why people may hold this view.
Finally, a rebuttal, in which you explain why the counterclaim is weak, and your original position is correct.

How to Write an Effective Counterclaim: Step-by-Step

Writing an effective counterclaim — or even several, as you may be called to do in longer essays — can be challenging. That is particularly true if you fervently believe in the argument you are making, and have a hard time understanding how anyone could disagree with it.

However, it is important to remain as objective as possible as you craft a counterclaim for your essay. Here is a look at the process you may use to decide on a good counterclaim.

Deciding Where to Place Your Counterclaim

It is typically very effective to open your essay with a compelling hook, which may consist of a powerful anecdote, statistics, or a dramatic introduction to a pressing problem. You will then want to introduce your thesis statement, and begin making claims — which you back up with evidence and further arguments.

Your counterclaim, or counter claims, should be placed after this portion of your essay. In short essays, that means it will be somewhere near the end. However, you will want to summarize your main argument succinctly and write a memorable conclusion in the paragraphs that follow your counterclaim paragraph.

Deciding How Long Your Counterclaim Should Be

The length of a counterclaim, and indeed the number of counterclaims you decide to include, depends on the target length of your essay. You will typically require at least a short paragraph to be able to do your counterclaim justice, because you are not simply stating that some people disagree with your argument. You also want to explain why.

In some cases, you will be able to write a short rebuttal in the same paragraph. In others, you may choose to refute the counterclaim in the next paragraph.

Researching Opposing Viewpoints

To write an effective counterclaim, it is important to understand the arguments that may be used to oppose your claims. Don’t simply turn your claim or thesis statement on its head, but research why people disagree with the argument you are making, and on what basis. Where possible, try to find out how common the view you are portraying in your counterclaim is.

Presenting the Opposing Viewpoint Fairly

Once you immerse yourself in the types of arguments people who disagree with your thesis make, and truly understand where they are coming from, you are ready to craft a good counterclaim. Try this exercise first. Imagine what you would write if you sincerely held the opposing view, and then go ahead and do it.

Writing Your Counterclaim Paragraph

Before presenting the counterclaim, you will need to introduce the fact that you will be doing this by making a smooth transition in your writing. Good ways to start your counterclaim paragraph include:

“Critics have argued that…”
“Some people may conclude that”
“On the other side of the argument, people are concerned that…”
“The opposing viewpoint states that…”

Once you have stated the alternative view, go ahead and describe why that view is held. Present evidence.

You can now either start a new paragraph to write a rebuttal, or — if you can keep it short — do so in the same paragraph.

A rebuttal can include:

Reasons why the opposing view you presented in your counterclaim is weak or false.
An acknowledgment that the views presented in the counterclaim have merit, but there is a solution that would render the concerns the opposing side has baseless.
An explanation that the views presented in the counterclaim are exceedingly rare, or the benefits of your argument outweigh the risks the counterclaim sets forth.

Additional Tips on Writing a Counterclaim

If you have followed along so far, you are almost ready to make a very effective counterclaim, complete with a refutation. You may even have penned a draft. So far, so good, but you do have some additional things to watch out for as you write your counterclaim:

Be objective in the language you use. Do not state that you disagree with the counterclaim, or argue that some people “erroneously believe that…”, for example. Simply present the counterclaim as an alternative opinion.
Be fair. Do not caricature the viewpoint you are presenting in your counterclaim. Do not use condescending language. When you share the opposing argument, do so using words that those who hold that view may, in fact, use.
Don’t forget to include evidence. Your evidence can demonstrate that a significant percentage of people hold the view you address in your counterclaim, and it should also, where possible, back up the counterclaim. In the example we used earlier, regarding the benefits of allowing dogs to run around without being leashed, you could look for studies that show that dogs need a certain amount of physical exercise.
Be fair in your rebuttal, too. The extent to which you do this depends on your aim. If you are writing a high school or college essay, you may simply prefer to throw some hard-hitting verbal punches. If, on the other hand, you are sincerely hoping to convince people who currently hold the alternative opinion you just described that you are right, you will have to be more careful. Validate their underlying concerns or values, and explain why your argument works within that context.

Does every essay need a counterclaim?

No. There are many kinds of essays. An expository essay, for instance, simply explores a topic, and will not need a counterclaim. A narrative essay shares the writer’s personal experience, and will not require a counterclaim. Counterclaims have an important place in argumentative essays, which require the writer to demonstrate that they understand the topic thoroughly and have considered all sides.

How many counterclaims should I include?

If you make multiple claims, you may choose to write a counterclaim for each of them. Depending on the length of your essay, you may even decide to include multiple counterclaims for each claim.

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How to Write a Counter Argument (Step-by-Step Guide)
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How To Write A Counterclaim For A Successful Result

You might have probably heard about a counterclaim or written one that did not go well with you, which is why you are here. We understand your frustrations and anxiety about writing counterclaims, which is why we developed this comprehensive article.

Here is what to expect:

An in-depth explanation of what a counterclaim is The necessity of a counterclaim How to write a good counterclaim Characteristics of an excellent counterclaim Structure and formatting of counterclaims

After reading this post, you will have all the information you need to craft an award-winning paper. We will not leave anything to chance until you know how to write a counterclaim like a top-class student!

What is a counterclaim in writing, why is a counterclaim necessary, how to write a counterclaim from scratch, detailed guide on how to start a counterclaim paragraph, how to write rebuttal, characteristics of a good counterclaim, example of a good counterclaim.

A counterclaim refers to an argument that opposes the author’s claim. The writer presents the claim and then refutes it, giving reasons why others should not take up the contrary view and agree with their initial stand.

The counterclaim opposes the thesis statement in your essay. So, this is how a counterclaim comes about:

You first introduce the topic in the introductory paragraph
Create a thesis statement in the last sentence
Write a counterclaim that rebuts the initial argument

Many students fail to appreciate the fact that there is a difference between a claim and a counterclaim. The claim demonstrates your position of argument or the assertion of a fact, whereas a counterclaim negates a specific claim by refuting it.

Any top-rated argumentative will always have a counterclaim which disagrees with and disapproves of a claim. Such a claim also provides reasoning that further clarifies a particular argument. The two main purposes of a counterclaim are as follows:

It enhances the credibility of the author: A strong argumentative essay will utilize the rhetorical appeal of ethos. With a counterclaim, a writer will prove that they researched extensively on the topic and are not trying to hide possible information from the audience. It also allows the writer to provide a rebuttal to the essay. The rebuttal is used to disprove the counterclaim within the writer’s argument.

For instance, if the claim is that the government should ban gun use, the counterclaim would be that it should not ban it because it infringes on human rights. There should always be reasons and evidence for you to have a successful counterclaim.

In the next few lines, we will provide all you need to know about starting a counterclaim and delivering the best! So stay tuned.

Every successful essay begins with thorough background research on the topic of discussion. Exploring all possible angles of your essay before embarking on the writing process is recommended—those who end up with a good counterclaim put in extra hours in research and extensive consultation.

You can read thousands of articles on how to write a counterclaim, but without the right background research strategies, that great essay might amount to nothing. So, if you want to crack your counterclaim paragraph like a guru, here are excellent tips for you:

Understand your topic Explore what previous authors have done on it Identify the knowledge gaps Seek facts to defend your claim

Once you have all the information needed for your topic, nothing will stand in the way of you writing a top-notch paper that will impress your professor. When you have factual proof of every statement you make in your essay, you will have a non-biased and credible paper. That means that the sources you use should always be credible and directly relevant to the topic of your essay.

After stating all the base knowledge you need about counterclaims, we now want to dive into the practical part of writing a counterclaim argument. Let’s explore how to write counterclaims by looking at the elements needed:

The main counterclaim: It states an opposing argument to the claim.
The evidence includes a previous position to show that others welcome the view.
An explanation entails providing reasons why people hold the particular view you presented.
A rebuttal: Here, you will explain the weakness of the counterclaim and present show why your original position is correct.

The process might be challenging initially, but with the right tools and expert advice, you will be up and running in minutes. A counterclaim is included in argumentative writing to address the opposite side of the argument and provide a rebuttal.

The process of writing an outstanding counterclaim in an argumentative essay is as follows:

Where do you put a counterclaim in an essay? Every top-ranking essay begins with a catchy intro comprising statistics or a rather dramatic intro to a particular problem. The thesis statement follows, and the then claim comes on stage. Therefore, the counterclaim comes after you have backed up your claims with evidence and further arguments. How long is the counterclaim? It depends on the number of counterclaims and the overall length of your essay. A typical counterclaim should be at least one paragraph long. Remember that you are not just stating it but explaining why it is so. That is why most guides on writing a counterclaim and rebuttal will recommend either writing them in one paragraph or separately. What different points of view do others hold? You should always understand all the possible points that may arise to counter your claim. Researching why people oppose your claim will give you room for a balanced and reliable paper. It requires a creative mind to determine how your claim goes against the common view. How to introduce a counterclaim now: The general rule is that you should present the contrary opinion fairly. You will only be ready to craft a brilliant counterclaim once you dive into the possible arguments that others who oppose your thesis make. Sincerely present the contrary opinion fairly.

Always remember to use transitions when moving on to present your counterclaim. Just like in a debate, the contrary side will come after the proposers have made their submissions. Therefore, you can begin your counterclaim paragraphs with the following:

On the contrary, side
Critics say that

Having presented the other side, you will detail why people also hold that view. It is where the evidence comes in to solidify your counterclaim.

It is advisable to have it in a similar paragraph where your counterclaim is, but if that is not possible, begin it in a new paragraph. However, always remember to keep it short while bringing out the following:

How the contrary position in your counterclaim is false or weak.
Presenting the advantages in the counterclaim but giving reasons why the opposite view may not hold water.
Describe how your main argument outweighs the risks in the counterclaim.

After introducing the counterclaim, you have to discuss why the counterclaim is incorrect. You can start the rebuttal in several ways, such as:

Despite this information Nevertheless However

It is your opportunity to prove why the contrary view is wrong.

You cannot achieve this milestone without considering all sides of the argument first. That is why most researchers in college and university take their time before beginning the writing process. It provides a base for the facts and opinions and saves the time one will spend completing the argumentative essay.

Acknowledging the valid points of the other side is necessary for any form of argumentative writing. This practice eliminates the thought of narrow-mindedness from the reader’s point of view, which may make your essay less effective.

Instead of making your argument look weak, a counterclaim will strengthen your essay by proving that you thoughtfully considered all possible angles before writing your essay. Nobody will accuse you of bias or inadequate research when you have a formulated counterclaim.

A good counterclaim, therefore:

Acknowledges what the opposing side says Provides evidence from the opposing side Refutes the point of view and evidence

It is also crucial to state that when you have more than one claim in your paper, there is always an option of writing a counterclaim for each. You are not limited to presenting the different counterclaims in the same essay. However, follow the structure outline above in terms of length and format.

Additional characteristics of a world-class essay include:

Objectivity in the language use
Fairness in the diction
Evidence to back up the counterclaim
Fairness in the rebuttal

By validating any underlying concerns, you eliminate room for doubt or error. Remember also to explain why your argument works in that context.

Below is a brief example of what a good counterclaim can look like, from professional dissertation writers :

“On the other hand, some students say homework presents unnecessary stress and pressure. This point of view makes sense because the article states that too much homework may be overwhelming for students, which is why most of them do not complete it. However, homework does not harm the student because the article also says that homework is necessary to test students’ understanding after classroom learning. Therefore, even though homework may cause stress and pressure on the student, it does not harm the student in any way.”

From the example, you can note the following:

Phrases that can begin a counterclaim:

On the other hand, some people say Admittedly, some people say Certainly, some people say

Phrases to refer to the initial claim:

However Nevertheless On the other hand

Phrases to bring paragraph to a conclusion:

Thus Therefore As a result

A good counterclaim will always give you an edge over your competitors in any case.

Writing A Counterclaim Can Be Very Easy

Writing an all-inclusive counterclaim is not a big deal if you have all the facts rights – our writing service and master thesis help offers top-notch assistance with an incredible team of writers and research gurus. We will help you identify winning arguments and provide you with the best rebuttals.

Do not second guess what you will score in your counterclaim essay when you can try out our custom thesis writing service today. Make your pick today and improve your score effortlessly.

Argumentative Essays

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The Modes of Discourse—Exposition, Description, Narration, Argumentation (EDNA)—are common paper assignments you may encounter in your writing classes. Although these genres have been criticized by some composition scholars, the Purdue OWL recognizes the wide spread use of these approaches and students’ need to understand and produce them.

What is an argumentative essay?

The argumentative essay is a genre of writing that requires the student to investigate a topic; collect, generate, and evaluate evidence; and establish a position on the topic in a concise manner.

Please note : Some confusion may occur between the argumentative essay and the expository essay. These two genres are similar, but the argumentative essay differs from the expository essay in the amount of pre-writing (invention) and research involved. The argumentative essay is commonly assigned as a capstone or final project in first year writing or advanced composition courses and involves lengthy, detailed research. Expository essays involve less research and are shorter in length. Expository essays are often used for in-class writing exercises or tests, such as the GED or GRE.

Argumentative essay assignments generally call for extensive research of literature or previously published material. Argumentative assignments may also require empirical research where the student collects data through interviews, surveys, observations, or experiments. Detailed research allows the student to learn about the topic and to understand different points of view regarding the topic so that she/he may choose a position and support it with the evidence collected during research. Regardless of the amount or type of research involved, argumentative essays must establish a clear thesis and follow sound reasoning.

The structure of the argumentative essay is held together by the following.

A clear, concise, and defined thesis statement that occurs in the first paragraph of the essay.

In the first paragraph of an argument essay, students should set the context by reviewing the topic in a general way. Next the author should explain why the topic is important ( exigence ) or why readers should care about the issue. Lastly, students should present the thesis statement. It is essential that this thesis statement be appropriately narrowed to follow the guidelines set forth in the assignment. If the student does not master this portion of the essay, it will be quite difficult to compose an effective or persuasive essay.

Clear and logical transitions between the introduction, body, and conclusion.

Transitions are the mortar that holds the foundation of the essay together. Without logical progression of thought, the reader is unable to follow the essay’s argument, and the structure will collapse. Transitions should wrap up the idea from the previous section and introduce the idea that is to follow in the next section.

Body paragraphs that include evidential support.

Each paragraph should be limited to the discussion of one general idea. This will allow for clarity and direction throughout the essay. In addition, such conciseness creates an ease of readability for one’s audience. It is important to note that each paragraph in the body of the essay must have some logical connection to the thesis statement in the opening paragraph. Some paragraphs will directly support the thesis statement with evidence collected during research. It is also important to explain how and why the evidence supports the thesis ( warrant ).

However, argumentative essays should also consider and explain differing points of view regarding the topic. Depending on the length of the assignment, students should dedicate one or two paragraphs of an argumentative essay to discussing conflicting opinions on the topic. Rather than explaining how these differing opinions are wrong outright, students should note how opinions that do not align with their thesis might not be well informed or how they might be out of date.

Evidential support (whether factual, logical, statistical, or anecdotal).

The argumentative essay requires well-researched, accurate, detailed, and current information to support the thesis statement and consider other points of view. Some factual, logical, statistical, or anecdotal evidence should support the thesis. However, students must consider multiple points of view when collecting evidence. As noted in the paragraph above, a successful and well-rounded argumentative essay will also discuss opinions not aligning with the thesis. It is unethical to exclude evidence that may not support the thesis. It is not the student’s job to point out how other positions are wrong outright, but rather to explain how other positions may not be well informed or up to date on the topic.

A conclusion that does not simply restate the thesis, but readdresses it in light of the evidence provided.

It is at this point of the essay that students may begin to struggle. This is the portion of the essay that will leave the most immediate impression on the mind of the reader. Therefore, it must be effective and logical. Do not introduce any new information into the conclusion; rather, synthesize the information presented in the body of the essay. Restate why the topic is important, review the main points, and review your thesis. You may also want to include a short discussion of more research that should be completed in light of your work.

A complete argument

Perhaps it is helpful to think of an essay in terms of a conversation or debate with a classmate. If I were to discuss the cause of World War II and its current effect on those who lived through the tumultuous time, there would be a beginning, middle, and end to the conversation. In fact, if I were to end the argument in the middle of my second point, questions would arise concerning the current effects on those who lived through the conflict. Therefore, the argumentative essay must be complete, and logically so, leaving no doubt as to its intent or argument.

The five-paragraph essay

A common method for writing an argumentative essay is the five-paragraph approach. This is, however, by no means the only formula for writing such essays. If it sounds straightforward, that is because it is; in fact, the method consists of (a) an introductory paragraph (b) three evidentiary body paragraphs that may include discussion of opposing views and (c) a conclusion.

Longer argumentative essays

Complex issues and detailed research call for complex and detailed essays. Argumentative essays discussing a number of research sources or empirical research will most certainly be longer than five paragraphs. Authors may have to discuss the context surrounding the topic, sources of information and their credibility, as well as a number of different opinions on the issue before concluding the essay. Many of these factors will be determined by the assignment.

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How To Write a Counterclaim For Your Thesis Or Dissertation

Are you writing an argumentative essay and want to score top grades? One of the things that you must do is to consider both sides of the central argument. It is true that the primary purpose of your argumentative paper is taking a side on the selected topic and supporting it as much as possible to persuade the reader to agree with your position. However, not bringing out a counterclaim/s is likely to make the reader, professor or class teacher consider you narrow-minded.

Despite its importance, how to write a counterclaim and rebuttal turns out to be a challenging undertaking for most students because it has to be done carefully to avoid weakening the main argument. So, how do you write a great counterclaim? Keep reading for a step-by-step guide on how to write a counterclaim paragraph like an expert.

What is a counterclaim in writing, how to write a counter claim, how to start a counterclaim paragraph, good examples of a counterclaim paragraph, 8 expert tips for writing a great counterclaim.

Before making a counterclaim, it is prudent to ensure the thesis clearly demonstrates what your central argument is. Therefore, you should not include the counter claim in this section of the paper.

A counterclaim is included in argumentative writing to demonstrate to the reader that you have comprehensively researched both sides of the topic. It is very important to win over readers who might have a different point of view from that presented in the paper. Furthermore, a carefully presented counterargument can make your essay interesting and help you get more points compared to other students in class.

To write a great essay, you need to clearly bring out the main stand of your paper and bring it out vividly and then capture the counterarguments. The following four steps show how to write rebuttal for your essay like a pro.

Step One: Research the Main Counterarguments for Your Thesis The first step is comprehensively researching your main points and counterarguments. As you dig deeper into counterarguments, try to establish why people disagree with your stand. If you are writing about the importance of addressing global warming right to address, what is driving the dissenting views? Is the alternative opinion based on facts?
Write the counterclaim after highlighting the main thesis: Make sure that your stand on the essay is clear so that the reader can appreciate the difference with the dissenting views.
Place the counterclaim in the paragraphs: If your essay has several arguments that require counterclaims, you can place them in the paragraphs. The best position is after highlighting the argument in every paragraph.
Before the conclusion: This is the most preferred point for placing counterclaims. It works best because the university or college professor will have gone through the essay and a good counterclaim will demonstrate you did comprehensive research.

Next, put down the rebuttal. The rebuttal should be used to demonstrate why the counterargument is weak and, therefore, the thesis of the essay the best /option debate. When presenting the rebuttal, here are some suggestions:

The main reason why the counterclaim is false or weak.
Acknowledgment that the counter argument has some merit, but there is a reliable solution to the challenge. The solution can also demonstrate that the counterargument is baseless.
Demonstrate that the benefits presented in the essay far outweigh the dangers of the counter arguments.

For most students, how to start a counterclaim is a big challenge, but we have the best suggestions. Target ensuring the contrast with the main argument of the essay is demonstrated well and the flow of key points is strengthened. So, here are some great examples of how to start a counter argument paragraph:

“The contrasting viewpoint indicates that …” “On the other edge of the argument, some researchers are concerned about …” “Critiques of this viewpoint suggest that …” “The opposing debate indicates that …”

Now that we have highlighted the best way to write a great counter claim for your essay, here are some examples.

Example One: Points Out the Weakness of the Counterarguments

Topic: The Dangers of Dams

Those of the contrasting views indicate that dams come with many benefits for both individuals and cities. For example, the water reservoirs help provide water for land irrigation, generate hydro-electricity, and stabilize water supplies. They see these as important attributes that warrant having dams in their location.

The risks that come with installing dams are, however, far too risky. Indeed, there are alternative solutions that we can use to avoid the threats from dams. Good examples are using green technology, such as solar panels, for energy generation and afforestation to not only stabilize water supply but also protect wildlife habitats. New technologies for water harvesting and storage can also help to guarantee communities reliable water supplies.

Example Two: Agrees with Counter Claim and Offer New Evidence to Counter It

Topic: Dangers of E-Cigarettes

Proponents of e-cigarettes argue that they do not cause major secondary pollution to other people in the vicinity because only water vapor is released into the atmosphere. They also insist that there is no carbon monoxide released into the air. Although this is true, the proponents fail to outline that e-cigarettes come with other very harmful elements that are released into the atmosphere.

Example Three: Notes Inconsistencies in Counterargument

Topic: The Benefits of After-School Sports

Critiques of after-school sports posit that it raises the danger of sports-related injuries. Such injuries, as brought out by Liam and Mathews (2009), can increase absenteeism. Although true because most sports come with some risks, the opponents fail to appreciate the huge benefits that come from after-school sports. Top sports people, from Thomas to Jeremy of the national soccer team, discovered their talents during after-school sports at an early age.

Finally, here are some tips to keep in my when writing your counterclaim for your thesis or essay. Also if you’re writing a full thesis don’t hesitate to get abstract writing services online once you need them.

Always make your counter arguments as short as possible.
Remain objective, especially with the language used in presenting the counterclaim. For example, you should avoid arguing that some researchers “erroneously hold the view that …” Instead, simply outline the counterclaim and give an alternative opinion.
Avoid placing the counterargument on the conclusion because it requires a separate paragraph for rebuttal. This could easily distort the structure of the essay and the flow of ideas.
Consider honing your skills in writing counterarguments by reading through other essays to see how experts did it.
Make sure you are fair when presenting the counter claims. For a school essay, you might simply target throwing some verbal punches, but a college or university-level paper might require going into greater details. For example, you need to demonstrate why your argument is right and validate your arguments against those of the opposing school of thought.
If your lecturer has a specific guideline or preference for writing the counter claims, make sure to follow it.
Just like the main idea of your essay, the counterclaim should also be supported by proof gathered during research. However, ensure to demonstrate why it is weaker than the main argument presented in the essay.
Proofread the essay after writing the counterclaim to ensure it is error-free, and all the points are flowing smoothly from the start to the end. You might want to ask a friend or professional writers to help with proofreading so that even the hidden mistakes are noted.

Seek Assistance Of Expert Writers To Write Your Argumentative Thesis

This guide has demonstrated the best strategies to use when writing a counterclaim in an essay. Remember that to get more points and stand out in class, you must focus on all areas of the essay, from the introduction and thesis statement writing to preparing counterclaim argument and conclusion. So, does the entire process appear challenging? Many students often get stuck when writing their essays and the best way out is to seek help from a writing service.

Students often get stuck because they have poor research and writing skills or the time is limited. For others, the whole concept of counterarguments, especially how to introduce a counterclaim, is too complex. However, we have creative writers at our writing service, and you can count on them to prepare A-rated papers. They have excellent essay writing skills, and no matter the topic of your argumentative essay; they guarantee the best results.

Our custom thesis help online is also affordable and easy to reach for all students. In addition to essays, our coursework and thesis writing service are excellent. Talk to customer support or visit our order page to get all the assistance you want.

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How Counterclaim Your Position in an Argumentative Essay

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When it comes to an argumentative essay , you have to consider both sides of the argument.

Sure, the goal of the assignment is to take a side on an issue and give evidence to support your stand.

However, if you fail to focus on both sides of the argument, you’ll appear narrowly minded and your essay will be less effective.

So to write a good argumentative essay that can convince your audience or instructor to keep reading to learn more about the issue under investigation, you should include a counterclaim in the paper.

A counterclaim is one of the elements of an argument that shows you invested your time and effort to investigate the two sides of an issue before taking your own stand on the topic.

What is a Counterclaim in an Argumentative Essay?

A counterclaim is simply one or more arguments that oppose the thesis statement of your argument.

Before you arrive at a counterclaim, you need to make sure your thesis explains what you claim you want to prove and how you’d like to do it.

You don’t include a counterclaim in the thesis part. Rather, the thesis should explicitly explain that you’ve done your research and you're convinced that the viewpoint of the opposing side is either invalid or weak.

By including a counterclaim in your essay, you create for yourself an opportunity to give a solid response to a reader’s arguments even before they finish reading the paper.

You end up with an essay that’s not only interesting to read but also one that strengthen your position.

How to Deal With Counterclaims in Your Essay

Counterclaims can be quite challenging to write.

On the one hand, you have your position to defend and you have to do so using all the evidences that you can use.

On the other hand, you have the opposing view to consider and include in the essay.

The question is, how do you consider the counterclaims without weakening your position ?

You can do so in two ways.

The first option is to note and point out the obvious flaws in the opposing arguments. This will show that, while you recognize the opposing views, they have a weakness that your point of view is trying to address.

By identifying the obvious flaws in a counterclaim, you’ll strengthen your own point of view on the issue. The second option is where you agree with the counter argument, but you take this a step further by providing a new evidence that can either weaken or contradict the counterargument.

Again, this will go a long way to strengthen your position and convince your audience to agree with you even if the subject in question is sensitive or controversial.

The Common Types of Counter Arguments in Argumentative Essays

There are 5 types of counterclaims that you’ll encounter as you work on your argumentative essay.

It’s important to understand each before we look at how you can respond to the counter claims.

Your audience (your reader) may come up with an evidence that could potentially weaken your position. Find out what the evidence can be. Cite and examine the evidence and then conclude by responding to it.
You can have a situation where an audience draws a different conclusion from the examples you present. If so, you should find a unique conclusion and then respond to it accordingly.
Sometimes a reader is highly likely to question the claim of your argument . In such a situation, it’s best to identify those claims, explain, and then give a solid response.
You can have an instance where someone disagrees with your claim. If this is the case, you should explain their perspective in your argument and then give a reasonable response.
If a reader can give a different explanation for an issue, you should figure out what that explanation might be and then give a completely different explanation yourself.

With that out of the way, let us look at how you can respond to a counterclaim in a way that makes your essay stand a chance to win an argument.

How to Respond to Counterclaims

There are a few response strategies that you can use to respond to counterclaims, but you don’t have to use all of them in the same paper.

The most important thing to do is to choose a strategy that makes the most sense for a particular counterargument.

If you find yourself nodding in agreement with some of the arguments that your reader or audience present, present their points and then give a challenge to oppose their points.
There may be an instance where a counterclaim provides an evidence different from what you have in your own argument. In such a case, it would be best if you give the reader a reason not to accept the evidence that the counter argument presents.
Some arguers will come up with counterclaims that threaten to weaken your argument. In this case, you need to give a thorough explanation on the how or why the evidence they’ve presented doesn’t interfere with or invalidate your claim.

Hire Our Team to Write Your Argumentative Essay

While counterclaims are expected in an argument, responding to them can be quite challenging. So if you feel like the task is too overwhelming to handle even after reading this guide, feel free to get in touch with us and we’ll help you write a high quality argumentative essay fast.

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Knowledge Base
How to write an argumentative essay | Examples & tips

How to Write an Argumentative Essay | Examples & Tips

Published on July 24, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on July 23, 2023.

An argumentative essay expresses an extended argument for a particular thesis statement . The author takes a clearly defined stance on their subject and builds up an evidence-based case for it.

When do you write an argumentative essay, approaches to argumentative essays, introducing your argument, the body: developing your argument, concluding your argument, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about argumentative essays.

You might be assigned an argumentative essay as a writing exercise in high school or in a composition class. The prompt will often ask you to argue for one of two positions, and may include terms like “argue” or “argument.” It will frequently take the form of a question.

The prompt may also be more open-ended in terms of the possible arguments you could make.

Argumentative writing at college level

At university, the vast majority of essays or papers you write will involve some form of argumentation. For example, both rhetorical analysis and literary analysis essays involve making arguments about texts.

In this context, you won’t necessarily be told to write an argumentative essay—but making an evidence-based argument is an essential goal of most academic writing, and this should be your default approach unless you’re told otherwise.

Examples of argumentative essay prompts

At a university level, all the prompts below imply an argumentative essay as the appropriate response.

Your research should lead you to develop a specific position on the topic. The essay then argues for that position and aims to convince the reader by presenting your evidence, evaluation and analysis.

Don’t just list all the effects you can think of.
Do develop a focused argument about the overall effect and why it matters, backed up by evidence from sources.
Don’t just provide a selection of data on the measures’ effectiveness.
Do build up your own argument about which kinds of measures have been most or least effective, and why.
Don’t just analyze a random selection of doppelgänger characters.
Do form an argument about specific texts, comparing and contrasting how they express their thematic concerns through doppelgänger characters.

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

An argumentative essay should be objective in its approach; your arguments should rely on logic and evidence, not on exaggeration or appeals to emotion.

There are many possible approaches to argumentative essays, but there are two common models that can help you start outlining your arguments: The Toulmin model and the Rogerian model.

Toulmin arguments

The Toulmin model consists of four steps, which may be repeated as many times as necessary for the argument:

Make a claim
Provide the grounds (evidence) for the claim
Explain the warrant (how the grounds support the claim)
Discuss possible rebuttals to the claim, identifying the limits of the argument and showing that you have considered alternative perspectives

The Toulmin model is a common approach in academic essays. You don’t have to use these specific terms (grounds, warrants, rebuttals), but establishing a clear connection between your claims and the evidence supporting them is crucial in an argumentative essay.

Say you’re making an argument about the effectiveness of workplace anti-discrimination measures. You might:

Claim that unconscious bias training does not have the desired results, and resources would be better spent on other approaches
Cite data to support your claim
Explain how the data indicates that the method is ineffective
Anticipate objections to your claim based on other data, indicating whether these objections are valid, and if not, why not.

Rogerian arguments

The Rogerian model also consists of four steps you might repeat throughout your essay:

Discuss what the opposing position gets right and why people might hold this position
Highlight the problems with this position
Present your own position , showing how it addresses these problems
Suggest a possible compromise —what elements of your position would proponents of the opposing position benefit from adopting?

This model builds up a clear picture of both sides of an argument and seeks a compromise. It is particularly useful when people tend to disagree strongly on the issue discussed, allowing you to approach opposing arguments in good faith.

Say you want to argue that the internet has had a positive impact on education. You might:

Acknowledge that students rely too much on websites like Wikipedia
Argue that teachers view Wikipedia as more unreliable than it really is
Suggest that Wikipedia’s system of citations can actually teach students about referencing
Suggest critical engagement with Wikipedia as a possible assignment for teachers who are skeptical of its usefulness.

You don’t necessarily have to pick one of these models—you may even use elements of both in different parts of your essay—but it’s worth considering them if you struggle to structure your arguments.

Regardless of which approach you take, your essay should always be structured using an introduction , a body , and a conclusion .

Like other academic essays, an argumentative essay begins with an introduction . The introduction serves to capture the reader’s interest, provide background information, present your thesis statement , and (in longer essays) to summarize the structure of the body.

Hover over different parts of the example below to see how a typical introduction works.

The spread of the internet has had a world-changing effect, not least on the world of education. The use of the internet in academic contexts is on the rise, and its role in learning is hotly debated. For many teachers who did not grow up with this technology, its effects seem alarming and potentially harmful. This concern, while understandable, is misguided. The negatives of internet use are outweighed by its critical benefits for students and educators—as a uniquely comprehensive and accessible information source; a means of exposure to and engagement with different perspectives; and a highly flexible learning environment.

The body of an argumentative essay is where you develop your arguments in detail. Here you’ll present evidence, analysis, and reasoning to convince the reader that your thesis statement is true.

In the standard five-paragraph format for short essays, the body takes up three of your five paragraphs. In longer essays, it will be more paragraphs, and might be divided into sections with headings.

Each paragraph covers its own topic, introduced with a topic sentence . Each of these topics must contribute to your overall argument; don’t include irrelevant information.

This example paragraph takes a Rogerian approach: It first acknowledges the merits of the opposing position and then highlights problems with that position.

Hover over different parts of the example to see how a body paragraph is constructed.

A common frustration for teachers is students’ use of Wikipedia as a source in their writing. Its prevalence among students is not exaggerated; a survey found that the vast majority of the students surveyed used Wikipedia (Head & Eisenberg, 2010). An article in The Guardian stresses a common objection to its use: “a reliance on Wikipedia can discourage students from engaging with genuine academic writing” (Coomer, 2013). Teachers are clearly not mistaken in viewing Wikipedia usage as ubiquitous among their students; but the claim that it discourages engagement with academic sources requires further investigation. This point is treated as self-evident by many teachers, but Wikipedia itself explicitly encourages students to look into other sources. Its articles often provide references to academic publications and include warning notes where citations are missing; the site’s own guidelines for research make clear that it should be used as a starting point, emphasizing that users should always “read the references and check whether they really do support what the article says” (“Wikipedia:Researching with Wikipedia,” 2020). Indeed, for many students, Wikipedia is their first encounter with the concepts of citation and referencing. The use of Wikipedia therefore has a positive side that merits deeper consideration than it often receives.

An argumentative essay ends with a conclusion that summarizes and reflects on the arguments made in the body.

No new arguments or evidence appear here, but in longer essays you may discuss the strengths and weaknesses of your argument and suggest topics for future research. In all conclusions, you should stress the relevance and importance of your argument.

Hover over the following example to see the typical elements of a conclusion.

The internet has had a major positive impact on the world of education; occasional pitfalls aside, its value is evident in numerous applications. The future of teaching lies in the possibilities the internet opens up for communication, research, and interactivity. As the popularity of distance learning shows, students value the flexibility and accessibility offered by digital education, and educators should fully embrace these advantages. The internet’s dangers, real and imaginary, have been documented exhaustively by skeptics, but the internet is here to stay; it is time to focus seriously on its potential for good.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

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An argumentative essay tends to be a longer essay involving independent research, and aims to make an original argument about a topic. Its thesis statement makes a contentious claim that must be supported in an objective, evidence-based way.

An expository essay also aims to be objective, but it doesn’t have to make an original argument. Rather, it aims to explain something (e.g., a process or idea) in a clear, concise way. Expository essays are often shorter assignments and rely less on research.

At college level, you must properly cite your sources in all essays , research papers , and other academic texts (except exams and in-class exercises).

Add a citation whenever you quote , paraphrase , or summarize information or ideas from a source. You should also give full source details in a bibliography or reference list at the end of your text.

The exact format of your citations depends on which citation style you are instructed to use. The most common styles are APA , MLA , and Chicago .

The majority of the essays written at university are some sort of argumentative essay . Unless otherwise specified, you can assume that the goal of any essay you’re asked to write is argumentative: To convince the reader of your position using evidence and reasoning.

In composition classes you might be given assignments that specifically test your ability to write an argumentative essay. Look out for prompts including instructions like “argue,” “assess,” or “discuss” to see if this is the goal.

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10 Outstanding Tips to Write a Counterclaim Paragraph

Before getting into the details of how to write a counterclaim paragraph, we first need to have a thorough understanding of what it is. A counterclaim paragraph is a necessary element of an argumentative essay. An impactful argumentative piece addresses the viewpoint of the other side before explaining what is wrong with it. This is the counterclaim. It is placed after the body paragraphs. The 10 tips we have here will help you form a successful counterclaim to support your essay.

Form a Contrasting Transition

In order to state the opposing perspective, you need to use the appropriate transitional words or phrases. They make your writing style smooth and coherent along with presenting a link between the ideas. Terms like however, admittedly, but, alternatively and although are some good examples.

Address the Opposition

Summarize the opposition’s point of view in an open and honest manner. Ignoring it is futile as it will make the audience question the credibility of your own argument. Try to place it before your own claim. This will impress the reader and display your broad-mindedness. There are several ways to address it such as “Opposing views claim…” “It is frequently argued that…” or “It is true that…”.

Acknowledge the Valid Parts

To make your own claim stand out, you must acknowledge the valid aspects of the counterclaim. But do it in a way that still puts your perspective above it. The strength of your claim should be stronger than the opposition. Here is a counterclaim example, which includes strong arguments from both sides:

Supporters of the usage of E-cigarettes claim that they are not toxic to the environment because it is merely water vapor being expelled in the air. At the same time, these advocates fail to mention that apart from the water there are other damaging elements in the released vapor.

Use Strong Verbs for Denial or Assertion

As an essay is also a display of your best writing skills, the diction that is used is of crucial importance. If the words are not as powerful as the ideas in your head, they will never be very effective. When denying a claim make use of terms like “I reject,” “disagree” “doubt” or “question this view”. For assertion, it is best to use phrases such as “argue” “claim” “conclude” “reason” or “support that”.

Provide Evidence

Do not hesitate to bring out the best evidence to support the counterclaim. Do not select a “straw man” or the weakest possible argument that is easily refutable. Show the readers that your claim is convincing enough to thwart the strongest of the opposing party. Another very important thing to remember is to never make up evidence. Always do proper research to find points about the counterclaim that is genuine and worth including.

Provide everything from a detailed explanation, example, insight and logic to support the evidence you have picked for presenting the counterclaim.

Accept the Opposing Criticism

Do not start denying the opposing view straight away. Accept the criticism and do not hold back pointing out its reasonable elements. But make sure to minimize their position by turning the argument like this:

“This objection might be valid; however, it does not alter the fact that…”

Criticize the Evidence and Analysis

Forgoing back to your own thread of argument you need to go against the analysis and evidence of the counterclaim. Dismiss them as being irrelevant, misinterpreted, and not authentic enough. To refute the counterclaim, it is important to make it clear that it is not actually a genuine issue. You can begin by something along these lines:

“This argument ignores the major point that…”

Render the Reasoning Invalid

The reasoning behind the counterargument should be rebutted carefully and not with a weak or nervous dismissal. Concede the force of the claim and put forward your ideas accordingly. It is essential to restate your thesis in a more qualified, exact, and nuanced manner. This will allow you to take an account of the objection and to refute it.

To make it easier, create a draft that has both arguments clearly stated. Imagine how an intelligent person might disagree with your claim or see the problem in a different way. That will assist you in creating some failsafe reasoning to take down those ideas.

State a Conclusion

The conclusion to a counterclaim should not simply contain the writer’s viewpoint or thesis statement. Point out why the counterclaim is not a sufficient answer, especially in comparison to your own claim. You can begin the conclusive lines with “thus” “therefore” or “As a result”. It is essential to carefully proofread and edit your claims and rebuttals to ensure there aren’t weaknesses in the structure.

These were 10 of the most basic tips to keep in mind when writing a counterclaim . It is best to create a counterclaim paragraph outline, to straighten out all the points before the writing process.

Presenting and then refuting a counterclaim can certainly be quite tricky. You need to be careful in order to avoid overdoing it. If incorporated with finesse, turning a counterclaim energizes and sharpens your essay. Keep your thoughts open and consider both views to an argument to empower your claim even more so.

It is also necessary to keep it subtle and not to crowd your claim with any emotions. But state it in a way that stirs your reader’s emotions. Hence making the facts more convincing. If the audience fails to relate emotionally with the content it won’t prove to be as successful. Be aware of this fact throughout the writing process.

Refrain from using disrespectful forms of address for the opposing side. If the writer resorts to demeaning words like “bigoted” “ idiocy ” or “uninformed viewpoint” it simply displays an immature intellect. Instead of using specific terms, an expertly written argument will automatically show the weaknesses of the counterclaim. Let the audience form their own conclusions by a strong writing style.

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Where to Put the Essay Counterclaim

Where is the best place to put the essay counterclaim? The short and sweet answer? David Oldham, professor at Shoreline Community College, states, “The short answer is a counter-argument (counterclaim) can go anywhere except the conclusion. This is because there has to be a rebuttal paragraph after the counter-argument, so if the counter-argument is in the conclusion, something has been left out.”

The counterclaim is the opposing point of view to one’s thesis and is also known as the counterargument. The counterclaim is always accompanied by a refutation, sometimes referred to as a rebuttal. The Common Core State Standards include the counterclaim in Writing Standards 1.0 for grades 7-12. These Standards reference the organization of the counterclaim in terms of clear relationships and logical sequencing. See the boldface phrases in the following grades 7-12 Standards.

Common Core State Standards

Seventh Grade: Introduce claim(s), acknowledge alternate or opposing claims, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.

Eighth Grade: Introduce claim(s), acknowledge and distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.

Ninth and Tenth Grade: Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.

Eleventh and Twelfth Grade: Introduce precise, knowledgeable claim(s), establish the significance of the claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that logically sequences claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.

Placement Options

1. Writers can place a separate counterclaim paragraph with refutation as the last body paragraph prior to the conclusion paragraph.

Separate Paragraph Example #1

COUNTERCLAIM Opponents argue that after school sports can increase the likelihood of sports-related injuries. Specifically, health professionals suggest that life-threatening concussions occur at frightening rates for student athletes participating in such popular after school sports as football, soccer, basketball, and wrestling (Bancroft 22, 23). Even minor injuries sustained from participation in after school sports increase absent rates and the expense of creating injury reports for students (Sizemore 3). REFUTATION Although students do suffer both serious and minor injuries in after school sports, these injuries are quite rare. The organization, supervision, and safety measures of school-sponsored sports are superior to those of alternative fee-based community-sponsored recreational leagues or even privately sponsored sports organizations (Kinney 2). Additionally, without free after school sports programs, many students would still play sports without adult supervision and even more injuries would result.

2. Writers can place a separate counterclaim paragraph without refutation as the first body paragraph following the thesis statement to anticipate objections prior to providing evidence to prove the claim of the thesis statement.

Separate Paragraph Example #2

COUNTERCLAIM Those who favor eliminating after school sports argue that after school sports can increase the likelihood of sports-related injuries. Specifically, health professionals suggest that life-threatening concussions occur at frightening rates for student athletes participating in such popular after school sports as football, soccer, basketball, and wrestling (Bancroft 22, 23). Even minor injuries sustained from participation in after school sports increase absent rates and the expense of creating injury reports for students (Sizemore 3). Additionally, youth and adolescents are not developmentally ready to play contact sports. Key components of the brain and skeletal structure have not yet formed (Mays 14), and injuries can have lasting damage to young people.

3. Writers can embed a counterclaim and refutation within a body paragraph.

Embedded within Paragraph Example

After school sports provide safe and free programs for students who might otherwise not be able to participate in individual or team sports. The organization, supervision, and safety measures of school-sponsored sports are superior to those of alternative fee-based community-sponsored recreational leagues or even privately sponsored sports organizations (Kinney 2). Additionally, without free after school sports programs, many students would still play sports without adult supervision and even more injuries would result. COUNTERCLAIM However, some people would argue that after school sports can increase the likelihood of sports-related injuries and resulting absences with the added expenses of creating injury reports for students (Sizemore 3). REFUTATION Although students do suffer both serious and minor injuries in after school sports and there are resulting absences and injury reports, without school-sponsored sports the likelihood of more injuries from less supervised recreational leagues or privately sponsored leagues with fewer safety regulations would, no doubt, be much worse.

4. Writers can embed a counterclaim and refutation within a sentence or sentences found in a body paragraph.

Embedded within Sentences Example

After school sports provide safe and free programs for students who might otherwise not be able to participate in individual or team sports. COUNTERCLAIM Even so, some would question the safety of these programs, citing the numbers of life-threatening concussions from after school sports such as football, REFUTATION but these statistics are misleading. According to the highly respected Youth in Sports report, fewer serious injuries occur to students playing after school sports as compared to students not playing after school sports (Green 22).

5. Writers can embed a counterclaim within the introductory paragraph and use the thesis statement as refutation.

Introductory Paragraph Example

After school sports are extra-curricular activities included in most elementary, middle school, and high schools throughout the world. COUNTERCLAIM Some would argue that schools can no longer afford these programs and the expenses of lawsuits resulting from sports-related injuries. REFUTATION AS THESIS STATEMENT On the contrary, schools can and should invest in well-supervised after school sports to promote health and minimize sports-related injuries.

Each of these counterclaim placements has merit, depending upon the nature of the argumentative essay. Help students develop the writing flexibility and dexterity they need by applying each of these strategies in the draft and revision stages. As always, show models of counterclaims and refutations, teach a variety of types of evidence , and help students avoid the pitfalls of fallacious reasoning .

In addition to Where to Put the Essay Counterclaim, writing teachers may also be interested in these related articles: Counterclaim and Refutation Sentence Frames , What is the Essay Counterclaim? , and Why Use an Essay Counterclaim?

TEACHING ESSAYS BUNDLE

The author’s TEACHING ESSAYS BUNDLE includes the three printable and digital resources students need to master the CCSS W.1 argumentative and W.2 informational/explanatory essays. Each no-prep resource allows students to work at their own paces via mastery learning. How to Teach Essays includes 42 skill-based essay strategy worksheets (fillable PDFs and 62 Google slides), beginning with simple 3-word paragraphs and proceeding step-by-step to complex multi-paragraph essays. One skill builds upon another. The Essay Skills Worksheets include 97 worksheets (printables and 97 Google slides) to help teachers differentiate writing instruction with both remedial and advanced writing skills. The Eight Writing Process Essays (printables and 170 Google slides) each feature an on-demand diagnostic essay assessment, writing prompt with connected reading, brainstorming, graphic organizer, response, revision, and editing activities. Plus, each essay includes a detailed analytical (not holistic) rubric for assessment-based learning.

Grammar/Mechanics , Literacy Centers , Study Skills , Writing argument essay , argumentative essay , claims , common core writing standards , Counterarguments , Counterclaims , essay argument , essay strategies , Mark Pennington , Opposing Claims , rebut , Rebuttal , Refutation , refute , Teaching Essay Strategies , types of evidence

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Where to put counter-examples within a 5-paragraph essay?

I am tutoring some students in the very basics of writing a 5-paragraph essay to present an argument, in preparation for more advanced academic writing. I am instructing them to include:

An introduction with thesis
Three body paragraphs, each with statements that supporting the thesis and evidence
A conclusion

Sometimes, the students want to present counter-arguments to their thesis. For example, they organized the five paragraphs like this:

¶1 thesis: Dogs make great pets.
¶2 statement: Dogs can make people happy. Examples.
¶3 statement: Dogs can rescue people. Examples.
¶4 statement: However, dogs are not clean. Examples.
¶5 conclusion.

Is it okay to include an entire paragraph based around a counter-example like this. What would be the appropriate place for such a counter-example to appear?

academic-writing

6 Answers 6

In my humble opinion, it's a good idea in a persuasive essay to at least acknowledge counter-arguments. If you simply ignore counter-arguments, and a reader is aware of them, his response is likely to be, "Well, he just completely ignored the fact that X."

As Paul Clayton says, if you give the pro, then the con, then with no rebuttal or reply to the con you give your conclusion, it can make the argument look weak or disconnected. It can come across as, "Here is my argument, here is why my argument is flawed, but I'm just going to ignore the flaws and stick to my original thesis." When I am writing a persuasive essay, I don't end with counter-examples. I may end with counter-examples followed by rebuttals. More often, I start with the position I disagree with, then show why it's wrong, then give my conclusion. But there are many ways to structure an essay.

The shorter an essay the less time you're going to spend on rebuttals. In a 5-paragraph essay I might well skip rebuttals as there's just no time to get into them.

I think there are a couple of equally valid ways that it could be done, depending on how they chose to structure their argument.

Supporting Argument
Supporting Example
Counterexample

Is perfectly fine. However I don't see that there is anything wrong with:

Merciless destruction of counterexample
Why the counterexample is fair.
Why the original thesis is better.

2 Your first and last one don't quite work. "Thesis" is an argument without examples: "Dogs make great pets." So your first one actually runs Thesis, Pro example, Pro example, Con example, Conclusion, which is what the OP posited. Your last one is Thesis, Con example, Con example, Pro example, Conclusion -- same general idea, in reverse order. And your second one is essentially the same as mine, but taking a harsher tone in Para 4. – Lauren-Clear-Monica-Ipsum Nov 1, 2013 at 16:53
1 #2 is what I strive for when doing this kind of writing. The counterexample shouldn't be the last "real" thing they read (intros and conclusions don't count here), and "merciless destruction of counterexample" is spot-on -- bring it up and then show why it's not a concern. – Monica Cellio Nov 4, 2013 at 19:27

It depends on what the "point" of the essay is, and how it's set up in the intro/thesis.

If the goal of the essay is to argue "dogs make great pets," then there shouldn't be a counter-argument at all.

If the goal is to present both sides of a point, then the intro needs to say that, and I would suggest Para 2 is the Pro, Para 3 is the Con, and maybe Para 4 discusses which is stronger or has more weight. At the moment your two-pro/one-con feels lopsided.

In any case, I would certainly put pro arguments before con arguments, so you're heading in the right direction.

1 Is there any way to word the thesis in such a way that it presents both sides of the point? – Village Nov 1, 2013 at 12:41
1 @Village You can just baldly state "Many cultures keep dogs as pets; as with any pet, there are benefits and drawbacks, and it is up to the person to decide if a dog is right for him/her." (or whatever Para 4 is: "some people feel dogs are not worth the effort" or "some people are inseparable from their dogs despite the effort," etc.) – Lauren-Clear-Monica-Ipsum Nov 1, 2013 at 15:16
5 Addressing obvious counter arguments strengthens the pro case. Also placing Cons immediately before the conclusion gives them more weight, weakening the earlier Pros. This placement could be appropriate for an attempt at a balanced presentation when the writer favors the Pro side. Audience/goals also matter: emboldening supporters, convincing the undecided, seeking mutual respect, weakening the resolve of opponents, and converting opponents (among other goals) can involve different tactics. – user5232 Nov 1, 2013 at 17:58

I am learning this in Language Arts right now. I am in sixth grade, and we are writing 5 paragraph argumentative essays. I believe the counterargument should be in the 4th paragraph, and then you give more pros that will outnumber the cons, so the reader is convinced.

We usually use three prongs, to make our writing more organized. So if you do it this way, you can introduce your third reason in your fourth paragraph, and THEN provide a counterargument.

I believe (and notice) that the most effective location is just before the Conclusion , if the alternate opinions are elaborative and has a measure of being the devil's advocate .

However, in abstracts of scientific papers, I notice that alternative opinions or theses are often placed after the declaration of the thesis. That has the intention to, as a respected scientist should, fore-warn readers that the thesis at hand is but one of multiple possibilities, or that the thesis is complementary or supplementary to other opinions - so that the thesis at hand should be taken in consideration with, or compared against, all the other theses mentioned.

I think you need to remember that the five paragraph essay is not a normal literary form, it is an artificial training exercise (of dubious merit, if you ask me, but that is beside the point). Training exercises are designed to isolate certain aspects of an activity in order to focus on them in practice. (Like learning to drive standard by practicing in an empty parking lot rather than stalling your car on the public roads.)

As such, you set the rules to force students to practice the particular skill you are trying to train them for. If you are trying to train them to address counter arguments than that should be a required part of the drill. If you are trying to train them to marshal arguments in favor of a position, then it should not.

There is no right or wrong here except in regard to the specific skill you are trying to isolate and practice.

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged academic-writing structure essay or ask your own question .

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Where Does the Counterclaim Go in an Argumentative Essay?

So, what is the best and simplest answer to this question that might be confusing a lot of students? According to Professor David Oldham of Shoreline Community College “The counter argument can be placed anywhere but the concluding paragraph. The reason behind it as that a counterclaim always has a rebuttal following after. If its in the conclusion then it means an argument has been left incomplete.” Hence, the professor makes it clear in a very precise manner that counterclaims shouldn’t be included at the end of an essay. If you are familiar with essay writing, you must be aware that conclusions do not contain any new information. The finishing paragraph is only meant to tie the points together that are discussed in the essay. Finding the perfect place to place your counterclaim is similar to a jigsaw puzzle. You need to find the most accurate place where it fits in your argumentative essay . Another place where you do not usually see counterclaims being introduced are in middle of a paper. It simply does not make any sense when you put it right in the center of your essay. Counterclaims need a context and they must be arranged in a specific manner that doesn’t jilt the flow of writing. They are most often placed in the introduction or the paragraph following exactly after the introduction. A counterclaim can also be integrated after all your points have been argued. From here on we will get further into the details of each placing for counterclaims in an essay. Counterclaim in the introduction This option is possibly the most effective to integrate counterclaim in your essay. Stating the counterclaim in the beginning of the essay is quite a successful move. It informs the reader about why you decided to choose that particular topic to write on. Following we have provided an example which gives you an idea how to do it. “Throughout the world, there are hundreds of dams of various sizes. Dams are used as a defense against flood, irrigation, hydro power and water supplying. In spite of these positive aspects, dams also have their negative side. It is not addressed as often but they have a damaging impact on nature on a global level. They consume valuable natural resources and ruin habitat of wild creatures. Endangered species are effected badly by them and they emit harmful greenhouse gases.” The author has first introduced the positive points of dams here which are meant to serve as a counterclaim. He then progresses to refute this claim and states the argument that he is going to explore in the essay. Which you must have guesses are the negative elements related to dam building. It can be clearly seen how starting off with the counterclaim makes your own stance stand out powerfully. Counterclaim after the introduction We will now focus on how the counterclaim can fit in after the introductory paragraph. This technique proves to be a favorable to the audience as it includes their anticipated response. This will encourage the idea that you are not leading a one-sided discussion. Displaying an openness to counter views allows the readers to be open to your argument in turn. Here is an example how you can attempt that using the same topic mentioned above: “Throughout the world, there are hundreds of dams of various sizes. It is not addressed as often but they have a damaging impact on nature on a global level. They consume valuable natural resources and ruin habitat of wild creatures. Endangered species are affected badly by them and they emit harmful greenhouse gases. However, most people believe that dams are extremely beneficial. They are used as a defense against flood, irrigation, generating hydro power and for supplying water. For many individuals these aspects come foremost in comparison to the negative effects. This is due to the reason that they are using the above-mentioned resources in their daily lives.” This is how you can introduce the counterclaim after putting your view first. The negative affects have been provided before by the writer this time. And then the transition towards the counterclaim has been made. The positive affects are most widely known among people. Therefore, their attention will be automatically reeled in with this controversial beginning. Integrating counterclaim after stating all the main points This is the final option from the three we mentioned in the start of our article. This can also prove to be a very impressive placement. The readers have gone through all your arguments by now. Including a counterclaim at this moment just serves to strengthen them. It highlights the gaping hole that you have filled in with your logic. Here is the example of how this placement can be implemented within an argumentative essay. We have kept the sample topic same as before. 1. Introduction: Give the information about the negative aspects of dams. 2. Body paragraph 1: How dams consume precious natural resources. 3. Body paragraph 2: The way dams ruin habitats of wild animals. 4. Body paragraph 3: How dams cause damage through green-house gas emission. 5. Body paragraph 4: They have a harmful effect on endangered creatures. 6. Fifth paragraph: The counterclaim about the positive aspects of dams. 7. Conclusion Placing a counterclaim is not so difficult once you understand the technicalities. Determine the nature of your topic and then play around with the structure to integrate the counterclaim. It will be perfectly suited where its purpose is served most favorably. So, it is up to you to figure out which of our three options fit your requirement. For further help with argumentative or any other essay types, reach out to CheapEssayWriter . We provide top quality academic content on any topic required by our customers. Our qualified and experienced writers are well-versed in research papers and essays. We provide with your completed projects within the needed time frame. And have the most affordable rates available amongst online writing services.

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Write a body paragraph for your argumentative essay about mental...

Write a body paragraph for your argumentative essay about mental healthcare that is primarily based on a logos appeal. Remember: you can use any of the following in order to create your appeal: deductive reasoning (syllogism) reliance on authority (quoting an expert) facts as evidence research tradition (precedent) cause/effect Your paragraph should be at least (5-7) sentences long and quotes should be integrated appropriately. Write a paragraph that relies on pathos for its persuasion about mental healthcare. Use at least one of the following rhetorical devices: Antithesis/Contrast Metaphor Anaphora (extra credit) Alliteration Imagery Your paragraph should be a minimum of (5-7) sentences long.

Answer & Explanation

Mental healthcare is an important issue that often gets overlooked. People suffering from mental illness are often seen as weak or crazy, and are therefore not given the same treatment or resources as those suffering from physical illness. This is wrong and needs to change.

Mental illness is a real and serious problem that affects millions of people every year. It is not something that people can just snap out of, and it should not be ignored or minimized. Mental illness is a medical condition that requires treatment just like any other illness.

People with mental illness are more likely to be victims of violence, and they are also more likely to be incarcerated. This is because they are not given the same resources or opportunities as those without mental illness. They are not given the same treatment or care, and as a result, they often end up in situations that are not ideal.

Mental healthcare is an important issue that needs to be addressed. It is not something that should be ignored or minimized. Mental illness is a real and serious problem that affects millions of people every year. It is a medical condition that requires treatment just like any other illness.

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How to write a Counterclaim paragraph, sentence or Rebuttal
Learning If you are writing an argumentative essay, you will find yourself including counterclaims. In this guide, we guide you on how to write a good counterclaim in an essay and how to frame your counterclaim sentence and paragraph in rebuttal.
Writing a Counterargument Paragraph
When writing your counterargument paragraph, you should respond to that other position. In your paragraph: Identify the opposing argument. Respond to it by discussing the reasons the argument is incomplete, weak, unsound, or illogical. Provide examples or evidence to show why the opposing argument is unsound, or provide explanations of how the ...
How To Write Counterclaim And Rebuttal Like A Pro
Claim Counterclaim/ Counterclaims Rebuttal Learning how to draft counterclaims is essential for every student. Individuals may need to convince the audience of their point of view when they step into real life. If you find yourself in any form of debate, you will always have a claim to fight for.
Counterargument
Counterargument When you make an argument in an academic essay, you are writing for an audience that may not agree with you. In fact, your argument is worth making in the first place because your thesis will not be obvious—or obviously correct—to everyone who considers the question you are asking or the topic you're addressing.
How to Write an Effective Counterclaim in 5 Steps
March 9, 2022 (March 9, 2022) Pearson So, you're laboring over a killer argumentative essay — and you want to make absolutely sure that you have all your bases covered? Your essay absolutely needs at least one counterclaim with a rebuttal if you are determined to make it the best it can be.
How to Write an Counterclaim [Explained Simply!]
Counterclaims are an essential part of a top-notch argumentative essays. Since all, they show that you've thoroughly researched and considered both sides of the issue before deciding on your particular stance. ... Are writing, a counterclaim is an opposing argument that goes against the thesis statement starting a paper. Finally, the finish ...
Organizing Your Argument
Counterclaim: You should anticipate a counterclaim that negates the main points in your argument. Don't avoid arguments that oppose your own. Instead, become familiar with the opposing perspective. If you respond to counterclaims, you appear unbiased (and, therefore, you earn the respect of your readers).
How To Write A Counterclaim Like A Pro (Really)
The writer presents the claim and then refutes it, giving reasons why others should not take up the contrary view and agree with their initial stand. The counterclaim opposes the thesis statement in your essay. So, this is how a counterclaim comes about: You first introduce the topic in the introductory paragraph
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Frequently Asked Questions What are the 4 parts of an argumentative essay? The 4 parts of an argumentative essay are the claim, counterclaim, reasoning, and evidence. The claim is the...
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Step One: Research the Main Counterarguments for Your Thesis The first step is comprehensively researching your main points and counterarguments. As you dig deeper into counterarguments, try to establish why people disagree with your stand.
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How Counterclaim Your Position in an Argumentative Essay Wondering why counterclaim are important in argumentative essays? Read this guide to learn why they're relevant to the assignment. Essay Writing IB Guides Extended Essays IB Internal Assessment Theory of Knowledge Literature Review Dissertations Knowledge Base Research Writing Leadership
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1 - Transition 2 - Evidence 3 - Reasons A counterclaim is the argument (or one of the arguments) opposing your thesis statement. In your thesis paragraph, you make it clear to the reader exactly what you plan on proving and how you plan to go about proving it.
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PDF Counterclaim Paragraph When writing an argumentative essay, you need to
When writing an argumentative essay, you need to acknowledge the valid points of the other side of the argument (counterclaim). Otherwise, you will come off sounding narrow-minded and thereby less effective.
How to Write a Standout Argumentative Essay
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Where Does the Counterclaim Go in an Argumentative Essay? October 6th, 2020 Marilyn essay topic So, what is the best and simplest answer to this question that might be confusing a lot of students? According to Professor David Oldham of Shoreline Community College "The counter argument can be placed anywhere but the concluding paragraph.
[Solved] Write a body paragraph for your argumentative essay about
Write a body paragraph for your argumentative essay about mental healthcare that is primarily based on a logos appeal. Remember: you can use any of the following in order to create your appeal: deductive reasoning (syllogism) reliance on authority (quoting an expert) facts as evidence research tradition (precedent) cause/effect Your paragraph ...

How to write a Counterclaim paragraph, sentence or Rebuttal

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10 Outstanding Tips to Write a Counterclaim Paragraph

Form a Contrasting Transition

Address the Opposition

Acknowledge the Valid Parts

Use Strong Verbs for Denial or Assertion

Provide Evidence

Accept the Opposing Criticism

Criticize the Evidence and Analysis

Render the Reasoning Invalid

State a Conclusion

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