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Reference List: Audiovisual Media

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Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. There is no equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style (i.e., this page was written from scratch), but the old resource for electronic sources, which covers similar ground, can be found here .
The term "audiovisual media" refers to media that contain both audio components, visual components, or a combination of both. In general, the citation style for audiovisual media varies depending on whether the piece stands alone or is part of a larger work. The following examples provide sample references for some of the most common audiovisual sources. Please note: the following contains a list of the most commonly cited audiovisual sources. For a complete list of how to cite audiovisual sources, please refer to the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual.
Film or Video
Director, D. D. (Director). (Date of publication). Title of motion picture [Film]. Production company.
Loyd, P. (Director). (2008). Mamma mia! [Film]. Universal Pictures.
Film or Video in Another Language
Director, D. D. (Director). (Date of publication). Title of motion picture in original language [Translated title] [Film]. Production company.
Del Toro, G. (Director). (2006). El laberinto del fauno [Pan’s labyrinth] [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures.
Executive Producer, P. P. (Executive Producer). (Date range of release). Title of series [TV series]. Production company(s).
Sherman-Palladino, A., Palladino, D. (Executive Producers). (2017-present). The marvelous Mrs. Maisel [TV series] . Dorothy Parker Drank Here Productions; Picrow, Amazon Studios.
TV Series Episode
Writer, W. W. (Writer), & Director, D. D. (Director). (Original air date). Title of episode (Season number, Episode number) [Tv series episode]. In P. Executive Producer (Executive Producer), Series title . Production company(s).
Korsh, A. (Writer & Director). (2019, September 25). One last con (Season 9, Episode 10) [TV series episode]. In D. Liman & D. Bartis (Executive Producers), Suits . Untitled Korsh Company; Universal Content Productions; Open 4 Business Productions.
YouTube Video
Person or group who uploaded video. (Date of publication). Title of video [Video]. Website host. URL
Tasty. (2018, March 7). 7 recipes you can make in 5 minutes [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_5wHw6l11o
Music Album
Recording artist. (Year of release). Title of album [Album]. Record label.
The National. (2019). I am easy to find [Album]. 4AD.
Note: if you are referencing a re-recorded version of a classical work, list that album title in brackets following the name of the album.
Single Song or Track
Recording artist. (Year of release). Title of song [Song]. On Title of album [Album]. Record label.
Dacus, L. (2018). Night shift [Song]. On Historian [Album]. Matador Records.
Note: if the song is a piece of classical music, you can list the composer instead of the recording artist.
Note: if the song does not have an associated album, simply omit the section with the album.
Executive Producer, E. P. (Executive Producer). (Range of publication). Title of podcast [Audio podcast]. Production company. URL
Bae, P. (Executive Producer). (2017-present). The big loop [Audio podcast]. QRX. https://www.thebiglooppodcast.com/
Note: in place of the executive producer, you can also list the host of the podcast.
Note: if you did not access the podcast via an online source (e.g., if, you used a podcast app), omit the URL.
Single Podcast Episode
Executive Producer, E. P. (Executive Producer). (Date of publication). Title of podcast episode (Episode number) [Audio podcast episode]. In Title of podcast . Production company. URL
Koenig, S. (Host). (2014, October 3). The alibi (No. 1) [Audio podcast episode]. In Serial . WBEZ Chicago. https://serialpodcast.org/
Note: if you did not access the podcast via an online source (e.g., if you used a podcast app), omit the URL.
Artwork in a Museum or on a Museum Website
Artist, A. (Year of release). Title of artwork [medium]. Name of museum, City, State, Country. URL of museum
Hopper, E. (1942). Nighthawks [Painting]. Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States. https://www.artic.edu/artworks/111628/nighthawks
Note: if the artwork is available via a museum website, cite that website at the end of the citation. If there is no associated website, simply omit the URL.
Note: if the artwork does not have a title, briefly describe the work and put that description in square brackets.
Photograph (not associated with a museum)
Photographer, P. (Year of publication). Title of photograph [Photograph]. Source. URL
Ryan, S. (2019). Sea smoke on Lake Michigan [Photograph]. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/world/year-in-pictures.html
Note: if the photograph does not have a title, describe the photograph and put that description in square brackets.
How to Cite a Podcast
Create citations for free.
Website Book Journal Other
Ah, the podcast. A pretty modern way to be entertained or learn new things! Podcasts can be great sources of information for a research paper. They cover a wide range of topics, and can lead you to discussion questions you may want to address in your paper.
So how would you go about citing a podcast in your bibliography? Never fear! We have put together a quick guide below on how to cite a podcast in MLA format , APA format, and Chicago style.
To cite a podcast, you may want to include the following pieces of information:
- Full name of contributor (such as the podcast host or narrator), the username, or the name of the company that posted the content
- Title of the podcast
- Title of the episode
- Publisher of the podcast or where you watched it
- Date the podcast was posted
- URL of the podcast
Use the following structure to cite a podcast in MLA 9:
Last name, First name (of the individual who posted the content OR the name of the company who posted it OR the username), author’s title (if applicable). “Title of the Podcast Episode.” Title of the Podcast , Name of the Publisher/Where you listened to it (only include if it is different than the author or title), Date it was posted, URL.
Here’s how the above example would be cited in MLA 9 :
Chang, Ailsa, host. “Why Scientists Can’t Explain All the Appeal of an Eclipse.” Morning Edition , NPR, 11 Aug. 2017. www.npr.org/2017/ 08/11/542753070/scientists-can-t-explain-all-the-appeal-of-an-eclipse.
If you need help with in-text and parenthetical citations, CitationMachine.net, can help. Our MLA citation generator is simple and easy to use!
Use the following structure to create an APA citation for a podcast:
Last, F. M. (Contributor title). (Year, Month Date). Podcast episode title [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from URL.
Here’s how the above example would be cited as an APA citation :
Chang, A. (Host). (2017, August 11). Why scientists can’t explain all the appeal of an eclipse [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2017/ 08/11/542753070/scientists-can-t-explain-all-the-appeal-of-an-eclipse.
Use the following structure to cite a podcast in Chicago style format:
Last Name, First Name. “Episode Title”. Podcast Title . Podcast audio, Month Date, Year of publication. URL.
Here’s how the above example would be cited in Chicago style format :
Chang, Alisa. “Why Scientists Can’t Explain All the Appeal of an Eclipse”. Morning Edition . Podcast audio, August 11, 2017. https://www.npr.org/2017/ 08/11/542753070/scientists-can-t-explain-all-the-appeal-of-an-eclipse.
Looking to go beyond just creating citations? Try Citation Machine Plus! It comes with a paper checker , tools that can create citations in different styles, a parenthetical citation form, and more! If you want help brushing up on writing, we also have helpful guides on “ what are determiners ,” subordinating conjunctions , and other grammar topics.
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To cite an interview that was done on a podcast, include the name of the podcast host, publication date, title of the episode featuring the interview, title of the podcast, and publisher. Following are a template and example for how to cite an interview that was done on a podcast in an APA-style reference list.
Podcast Host’s Surname, F. M. (Host). (Publication Date). Title of the episode (episode number) [Format]. In Title of the Podcast . Production Company. URL
Shepard, D. (Host). (2021, November 25). Chris Wallace [Audio podcast interview]. In Armchair Expert with Dax Shepard . Armchair Expert Podcast. https://armchairexpertpod.com/pods/chris-wallace
Points to remember
If the interviewee’s name does not appear in the author field of your citation, you can include the interviewee’s name in the narrative of your paper instead.
The episode number can be excluded from your citation if the podcast’s episodes are not numbered.
Do not add a period after the URL.
To format an APA-style in-text citation for a quote that came from a speaker on a podcast who is not the host, include the name of the host, the publication date, and the time stamp. It is not necessary to mention the speaker’s name in in-text citations. If the name of the host is not available, you can include the executive producer’s name. Following are the template and example to write an in-text citation for a quote that came from a speaker on a podcast who is not the host.
(Host’s Surname, Publication Date. hh:mm:ss)
He mentioned, “It is time to change the world” (Maron, 2018, 14:12)
Point to remember
The time stamp should indicate the beginning time of the quotation.
To cite a podcast that comes from a streaming service in Chicago (notes-bibliography) style, include the name of the host(s), title of the podcast and the specific episode, publication date, producer, and URL. Following are templates and examples for how to cite a podcast in Chicago notes-bibliography style.
Footnote t emplate:
- This is an example sentence. 1
———-
- Host’s First Name Surname, “Title of Podcast Episode,” publication date, in Title of Podcast , produced by Producer Name, podcast, format, runtime in “hh:mm:ss” format, URL.
Footnote example:
- It is reported by NPR. 1
- Bree Fram and Máel Embser-Herbert, “Transgender Troops On Protecting Their Right To Serve,” November 29, 2021, in 1A , produced by NPR, podcast, MP3 audio, 32:58, https://www.npr.org/2021/11/29/1059835307/transgender-troops-on-protecting-their-right-to-serve.
Bibliography template and example:
Host 1 Surname, First Name and Host 2 First Name Surname. “Episode Title.” Produced by Producer Name. Title of Podcast. Publication Date. Podcast, format, runtime in “hh:mm:ss” format. URL.
Fram, Bree and Máel Embser-Herbert. “Transgender Troops On Protecting Their Right To Serve.” Produced by NPR. 1A. November 29, 2021. Podcast, MP3 audio, 32:58. https://www.npr.org/2021/11/29/1059835307/transgender-troops-on-protecting-their-right-to-serve.
To cite a podcast quote in Chicago (notes-bibliography) style, add the name of the host, quote, title of the podcast, publication date, and URL. Following are the template and example to cite a podcast in Chicago.
Notes t emplate:
“This is an example quote.” 1
1. Podcast Creator First Name Surname, “Episode Title,” in Podcast Title, Publication date , podcast, Podcast length in hh:mm:ss, URL.
Notes example:
Taylor says, “None of Us Want to be Known as the Big Spreader Event of the Year.” 1
1. Johnny Taylor, “None of Us Want to be Known as the Big Spreader Event of the Year,” in What the Omicron Variant Means for Plans to Start Working In-Person Again , December 3, 2021, podcast, 01:21, https://www.npr.org/2021/12/03/1061333505/what-the-omicron-variant-means-for-plans-to-start-working-in-person-again.
Bibliography template & example:
Podcast Creator Last Name, First Name. “Episode Title.” Podcast Title . Date published. Podcast, Podcast length in hh:mm:ss. URL.
Taylor, Johnny. “None of Us Want to be Known as the Big Spreader Event of the Year.” What the Omicron Variant Means for Plans to Start Working In-Person Again . December 3, 2021. Podcast, 01:21, https://www.npr.org/2021/12/03/1061333505/what-the-omicron-variant-means-for-plans-to-start-working-in-person-again.

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FAQ: How do I cite a podcast in APA Style?
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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2023 Views: 20908
The proper way to cite podcasts and podcasts episodes can be found on page 345 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). If the URL of a podcast isn't known because it was accessed via an app, omit the URL. The host is the author and make sure to specify the type of podcast (audio or video) in brackets. If the podcast episode doesn't have an episode number you can omit that piece of information.
General Format
Host, H. H. (Host). (Dates of podcast). Title of podcast [Type of podcast]. Source. URL
For Example
Thompson, D. (Host). (2018-present). Crazy/Genius [Audio podcast]. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/podcasts/crazygenius/
Corresponding In-Text Citation
(Thompson, 2018-present)
Thompson (2018-present)
Podcast Episode
Host, H. H. (Host). (Date of podcast episode). Title of podcast episode (No. episode number) [Audio podcast episode]. In Title of podcast . Source. URL
Thompson, D. (Host). (2018, May 31). Are Smartphones Ruining Our Lives? [Audio podcast episode]. In Crazy/Genius . The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/05/crazygenius-are-smartphones-ruining-our-lives/570151/
(Thompson, 2018)
Thompson (2018)
More Information
- APA guide (Shapiro Library)
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- APA Style This link opens in a new window (APA)
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This information is intended to be a guideline, not expert advice. Please be sure to speak to your professor about the appropriate way to cite a podcast in your class assignments and projects.
American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7 th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000
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APA 7th Edition Referencing Guide1
- What is APA?
In-text citations
- Reference list
- Chapter in an edited book
- Journal articles & Databases
- Works with multiple authors
- Webpages & online
- General images faqs
- Audiovisual media
- Personal communication
- Study material
- New Zealand legislation
- Other resources
- Tricky health resources
- APA for publication

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Referencing a podcast
When referencing a podcast, use the name of the host(s) and/or executive producer (if known) as the author and include their roles in brackets. For example:
Host, A. (Host) &/or Producer, A. (Executive producer). (Year, Month day). Title of podcast in italic sentence case . [Audio podcast]. Title of Webpage/Podcast App. URL
Sly, S. (Host). (2017). Just one thing [Audio podcast]. Radio New Zealand. https://www.rnz.co.nz/programmes/just-one-thing
Reference list entry
Sly, S. (Host). (2017). Just one thing [Audio podcast]. Radio New Zealand. https://www.rnz.co.nz/programmes/just-one-thing
Narrative According to Sly (2017) ... Parenthetical ... (Sly, 2017).
Referencing a podcast episode
To reference a specific episode from a podcast series, use the following format.
Host, A. (Host) &/or Producer, A. (Executive Producer). (Year, Month day). Title of episode in sentence case (No. of episode) [Audio podcast episode]. In Title of podcast episode in italic sentence case . Title of Webpage/Podcast App. URL
Van Ness, J. (Host). (2022, February 9). Why do we fall for fake news? With Dr. Nadia Brashier [Audio podcast episode]. In Getting curious with Jonathan Van Ness . Spotify.
- If you have accessed the podcast via an app, like Spotify or Apple Podcasts , you do not include a URL.
- Not all podcasts number their episodes , so leave this information out if it's not available.
French, L. (Host). (2015, January 21). A short history of Jazz: The 1940s –Bebop (No. 3) [Audio podcast episode]. In A short history of jazz . Radio New Zealand. https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/nat-music/audio/20162131/a-short-history-of-jazz-the-1940s-bebop
Narrative French (2015) claims ... Parenthetical ... (French, 2015).
Referencing a radio broadcast
When referencing a radio broadcast, use the name of the announcer as the author. For example:
Announcer, A. (Year, Month day). Title of story in italic sentence case [Radio broadcast]. Name of the site that published the radio broadcast in Title Case. URL
Mottram, L. (2020, January 8). Hazard reduction burning is not a panacea to bushfire risk: Expert [Radio broadcast]. ABC. https://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/pm/thinned-forests-can-be-more-prone-to-fire,-expert-says/11853280
Mottram, L. (2020, January 8). Hazard reduction burning is not a panacea to bushfire risk: Expert [Radio broadcast]. ABC. https://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/pm/thinned-forests-can-be-more-prone-to-fire,-expert-says/11853280
Narrative Mottram (2020) ... Parenthetical ... (Mottram, 2020).
Referencing a radio interview recording in a digital archive
When referencing a radio interview recording from a digital archive, use the person being interviewed as the author. For example:
Interviewee, I. (Year, Month day). Title of interview in italic sentence case . [Interview]. Name of Archive in Title Case; Organisation in Title Case. URL
de Beauvoir, S. (1960, May 4). Simone de Beauvoir discusses the art of writing [Interview]. Studs Terkel Radio Archive; The Chicago History Museum. https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/programs/simone-de-beauvior-discusses-art-writing
de Beauvoir, S. (1960, May 4). Simone de Beauvoir discusses the art of writing [Interview]. Studs Terkel Radio Archive; The Chicago History Museum. https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/programs/simone-de-beauvoir-discusses-art-writing
Narrative de Beauvoir (1960) claims ... Parenthetical ... (de Beauvoir, 1960).
- Last Updated: Aug 17, 2023 10:59 AM
- URL: https://libguides.wintec.ac.nz/APA7

APA (7th ed.) referencing guide (Online): Podcasts
- Paraphrasing
- Direct quotes
- Secondary Referencing
- More than one work cited
- Author with two or more works cited in the same year
- Personal Communication
- In-text citations
- Reference list
- Books with one author
- Books with two authors
- Books with three or more authors
- Edited book
- Chapter in an edited book
- Anthologies and Collected Works
- Critical Editions
- Multivolume work
- Religious and classical Works
- Thesis / Dissertation
- Translation
- Work within an Anthology
- Conference Paper
- Journal article with one author
- Journal article with two authors
- Journal articles with three or more authors
- Journal article with no identified author/anonymous author
- Newspaper articles
- Magazine articles
- Book review in a journal or newspaper
- Act of Parliament
- Law report (case law)
- Business Reports
- Statistics & Datasets
- Government reports
- YouTube/online videos
- Episode of a TV Show
- Radio Broadcast
Below you will find guidance and examples of how to set out a reference to a Podcast in the body of your work and in the reference list at the end.
Podcast example - In text citations
Podcast example:
Blaxland (2019-present) shows that... OR ...(Blaxland, 2019-present).
Podcast episode example - In text citations
Podcast episode example:
Jack (2022) shows that... OR ...(Jack, 2022).
Podcast example - Reference list
Name of Host. (Host). (Span of years). Title [Audio podcast]. Publisher. URL
Podcast Example:
Blaxland, S. (Host). (2019-present). Exploring global problems [Audio podcast]. Swansea University. https://www.swansea.ac.uk/research/podcasts/
If accessed via an app, omit the URL from the reference
Podcast episode example - Reference list
Name of Host. (Host). (Year, Month Day). Title (episode number if known) [Audio podcast episode]. In Title of podcast. Publisher. URL
Jack, M. (Host). (2022, August 16). Motivated to inspire (No. 22) [Audio podcast episode]. In A pinch of SALT . Swansea University. https://www.swansea.ac.uk/iss/salt/a-pinch-of-salt/podcast-22
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- Last Updated: Aug 25, 2023 12:30 PM
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How to cite a podcast in APA style
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- Archive material
- Chapter of an edited book
- Conference proceedings
- Dictionary entry
- Dissertation
- DVD, video, or film
- E-book or PDF
- Edited book
- Encyclopedia article
- Government publication
- Music or recording
- Online image or video
- Presentation
- Press release
- Religious text
Use the following template or our APA Citation Generator to cite a podcast. For help with other source types, like books, PDFs, or websites, check out our other guides. To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation generator .

Reference list
Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.
In-text citation
Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.
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In general, the in-text citation in APA includes only the last name(s) of the contributors (or authors) and the publication year. The contributor for an audio, video, or audiovisual work depends on the type of media. For a podcast, the last name of the host or the executive producer should be used in the author’s place. Therefore, to cite a podcast in an in-text citation, include the last name(s) of the host(s), or executive producer(s), and the year. If you cite a podcast series, include the beginning and the ending year of the podcast with a dash between the dates (Green, 2000-2020).
Below are templates and examples of how to format an in-text citation for a podcast in APA:
Narrative: Host’s Surname/Executive Producer’s Surname (Year)
Parenthetical: (Host’s Surname/Executive Producer’s Surname, Year)
Narrative: Raymond (2018)
Parenthetical: (Raymond, 2018)
An APA reference list entry for a podcast should include the following elements: name of the podcast’s host(s), their role (in parentheses), the publication date of the episode (or span of years the podcast aired, if citing the podcast as a whole), the title of the podcast and the specific episode being cited, the episode number, a description of the podcast (in square brackets), production company, and URL (if available).
Note that the specific episode title should not be listed in quotation marks or italics. The title of the podcast, however, should be italicized in your citation.
The below template and example show how to cite a podcast episode in a reference list in APA style.
Host’s Last Name, First Initial. (Host). (Publication date). Episode title (Season #, Episode #) [Audio podcast episode]. In Podcast title . Production Company. URL
Imperioli, M., & Schirripa, S. (Hosts). (2021, December 20). Made in America (No. 91) [Audio podcast episode]. In Talking Sopranos . Podjams. https://talkingsopranos.simplecast.com/episodes/episode-91-made-in-america-rkatzv_y
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Standard format for citation
Robertson, R. (Speaker). (2010). Leadership at the bottom of the earth…where no one hears you scream , 2010 Sir Walter Murdoch lecture [Audio podcast]. Murdoch University. https://lectures.murdoch.edu.au/lectopia/lectopia.lasso?ut=1369&id=71101
Podcast lecture from LMS
Hill, D. (Speaker). (2012, April 4). Australian media representation of Asia [Audio podcast]. In Australia in Asia (FDN 110) . Murdoch University. https://lectures.murdoch.edu.au/lectopia/casterframe.lasso?fid=375705&cnt=true&usr=S940025F&name=not-indicated
Podcast radio programme
Gary, S. (Host). (2007, December 23). Black hole death ray. StarStuff [Audio podcast]. ABC News Radio. http://abc.net.au/newsradio/podcast/STARSTUFF.xml
Podcast television programme
Brown, W. (Host)., Brodie, K. (Host)., & George, P. (Producer). (2007, June 4). From Lake Baikal to the halfway mark, Yekaterinburg. Peking to Paris: Episode 3 [Video podcast]. ABC Television. http://www.abc.net.au/tv/pekingtoparis/podcast/pekingtoparis.xml
See the All Examples page for examples of in-text and reference list entries for specific resources such as articles, books, podcasts, and web pages.
Reference list entries.
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How to cite a podcast in APA

- Google Docs
To cite a podcast in a reference entry in APA style 6th edition include the following elements:
- Host(s) of the podcast: Give the last name and initials of the host (e. g. Watson, J. D.).
- Date the episode was released: Give the year, month and day in brackets followed by a full stop, e.g. (2019, June 13).
- Title of the podcast episode: Only the first letter of the first word and proper nouns are capitalized.
- Producer(s) &/or Director(s) of the podcast: Give the name of the producer or director of the podcast, if available.
- Title of the podcast: Only the first letter of the first word and proper nouns are capitalized.
- URL: Give the full URL of the web page including the protocol (http:// or https://).
Here is the basic format for a reference list entry of a podcast in APA style 6th edition:
Host(s) of the podcast . ( Date the episode was released ). Title of the podcast episode [Audio podcast episode]. In Producer(s) &/or Director(s) of the podcast , Title of the podcast . Retrieved from URL
To cite a podcast in a reference entry in APA style 7th edition include the following elements:
- Host of the podcast episode: APA 7 suggests adding the host or executive producer of the podcast as the author, if available.
- Host(s) or executive producer(s) of podcast: APA 7 suggests adding the host or executive producer of the podcast as the author, if available.
- Episode number: Give the episode number if available.
- Production company: Give the name of the company that produced the podcast.
Here is the basic format for a reference list entry of a podcast in APA style 7th edition:
Host of the podcast episode . (Host). ( Date the episode was released ). Title of the podcast episode In Host(s) or executive producer(s) of podcast . (Host). (No. Episode number ) [Audio podcast episode]. Production company . URL
- Producer(s) of the podcast: Give the last name and initials of the producer (e. g. Watson, J. D.).
- Year of publication: Give the year in brackets followed by a full stop.
Producer(s) of the podcast . ( Year of publication ). Title of the podcast [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from URL
- Host(s) or executive producer(s) of podcast: APA 7 suggests adding the host or executive producer of the podcast as the author.
- Year or year range aired: If the podcast aired for multiple years, separate the years with a dash. If the series is still airing, replace the second year with the word 'present'
Host(s) or executive producer(s) of podcast . (Host). ( Year or year range aired ). Title of the podcast [Audio podcast]. Production company . URL
APA reference list examples
Take a look at our reference list examples that demonstrate the APA style guidelines for a podcast citation in action:
A whole podcast series with one host
Roy, D. R. . ( 2018 ). In depth, out loud [ Audio podcast ]. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/
A podcast series with one host
Roy, D. R (Host) . ( 2017–2018 ). In depth, out loud [ Audio podcast ]. The Conversation . https://theconversation.com/
A podcast episode with one host
Mars, R . ( 2019, December 3 ). The infantorium [Audio podcast episode]. In 99% invisible . Retrieved from https://99percentinvisible.org/
Mars, R. (Host) . ( 2019, December 3 ). The infantorium ( No. 381 ) [Audio podcast episode]. In 99% invisible . Radiotopia . https://99percentinvisible.org/

This citation style guide is based on the official Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association ( 6 th edition).
More useful guides
- APA style blog: How to Cite a Podcast
- APA Citation for Podcasts
- How do I cite a podcast in APA style?
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How to Cite a Podcast: Complete Podcast Citation Guide

Anyone who's ever created content for the web knows that proper citation is key. When it comes to citing a podcast, things can get a little tricky since they don't follow the traditional rules of printed material. That's why we've put together this complete guide on how to cite a podcast. So whether you're quoting a podcast on your blog or in a paper, you'll know exactly how to do it!
A Brief Summary of Citation Formats
Before we tell you how to cite a podcast, let's understand why you need to cite it in the first place! In other words, what really are citation formats and why do we need them?
Citation formats are the guidelines that dictate how you should cite a source in your work. They exist to ensure that all sources are properly credited and to prevent plagiarism.
There are different citation formats for different types of sources, such as books, journals, and websites. And within each format, there are specific rules about which elements to include in your citation and in what order they should appear.
The most common citation format is MLA style, which is used for papers written in the humanities. APA style is used for papers written in the social sciences, while Chicago style is used for papers written in the arts and humanities.
It's important to use the correct citation format for your field of study, and to always follow the formatting rules exactly.
Here are some of the most popular citation formats:
- MLA style - APA style - Chicago style - Harvard style - Vancouver style
For podcasts, the two most common citation formats are MLA and APA
MLA & APA for Podcast Citation
There are two main citing formats that you can use when citing a podcast: MLA and APA.
MLA format is most commonly used in the humanities, while APA format is typically used in the social sciences.
Here's a quick breakdown of each format:
- MLA format: - Author's last name, first name. - "Title of Episode." - Title of Podcast, - Date of Publication, - URL. - APA format:
- Author's last name, first initial. (Year, Month Day). - Title of episode. - Title of Podcast. - Retrieved from URL
And that's all there is to citing a podcast! Just remember to include as much information as possible so that your reader can easily find the episode that you're referencing.
How to Include a Timestamp
If you want to quote a specific part of the podcast episode, you'll need to include a timestamp.
A timestamp is simply the time at which something occurred. In this case, it's the time at which the particular part of the podcast that you're quoting begins.
For example, let's say you want to quote the following passage from an episode of the TED Radio Hour:
"The tools of reason, the rules of logic, these are not invented things. They're discovered. They're out there. And if we use them, we can solve problems."
The timestamp for this quote would be approximately 1:15:00, which is where the quote begins in the episode. To include a timestamp in your citation, simply add it in your in-text citation after the host's last name, following the blank:
APA: (Last name, Date, Timestamp) MLA: (Lat name Timestamp)
If the podcast has two or more hosts, list all their last names in the podcast citation. For APA List them using "&," for MLA with "and." So it would be:
APA: (Last name & Last name, Date, Timestamp) MLA: (Last name and Last name Timestamp)
So now you know how to cite a podcast more specifically, let's take a look at the examples of podcast citation using different citing formats.
An example of how to cite a podcast
Here's how to cite a podcast,
Krasny, Michael. "The Benefits of Podcasting." The Conversation, 20 Dec. 2017, https://www.theconversation.com/the-benefits-of-podcasting-87581. Accessed 4 Feb. 2018.
Krasny, M. (2017, December 20). The Benefits of Podcasting. Retrieved February 4, 2018, from https://www.theconversation.com/the-benefits-of-podcasting-87581
For Chicago:
Krasny, M. 2017. 'The Benefits of Podcasting', The Conversation, 20 December. Available at: https://www.theconversation.com/the-benefits-of-podcasting-87581 Accessed 4 February 2018.
Krasny M. The benefits of podcasting. The Conversation. 2017 Dec 20; https://www.theconversation.com/the-benefits-of-podcasting-87581. Accessed 2018 Feb 4.
Final Thoughts
Citations can seem confusing at first, but they’re a necessary part of academic writing. The MLA and APA formats are the most common styles for citing podcasts, and both are pretty straightforward. We hope this guide has helped clear up any questions you had about how to cite a podcast. If you still have questions, be sure to reach out to your instructor or campus librarian for help. Thanks for reading!

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Home / Guides / Citation Guides / MLA Format / How to Cite a Podcast in MLA
How to Cite a Podcast in MLA
Citing a podcast, podcast citation structure.
Host’s Last name, First name M. “Title of episode.” Title of the Program, additional contributors (if applicable), publisher, date. Website Where Podcast Was Streamed , URL (if applicable).
*Note: If the podcast was listened to on an app, rather than streamed online, the name of the app (e.g., “ iTunes app.” ) can be provided at the end of citation as supplemental information.

Podcast Citation Example
Conger, Cristen, and Caroline Ervin. “Beyonce’s Feminism.” Stuff Mom Never Told You , HowStuffWorks, 19 Mar. 2014. iTunes app.
Podcast In-text Citation Structure
(Host(s) Last Name)
Podcast In-text Citation Example
(Conger and Ervin)

MLA Formatting Guide
MLA Formatting
- Annotated Bibliography
- Bibliography
- Block Quotes
- et al Usage
- In-text Citations
- Paraphrasing
- Page Numbers
- Sample Paper
- Works Cited
- MLA 8 Updates
- MLA 9 Updates
- View MLA Guide
Citation Examples
- Book Chapter
- Journal Article
- Magazine Article
- Newspaper Article
- Website (no author)
- View all MLA Examples
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To cite a podcast in MLA style, it is important that you know some basic information such as the name of the author, name of the narrator, name of the host, title of the podcast, podcast name, date, and URL. The templates and examples for an in-text citation and works cited list entry for a podcast are provided below:
In-text citation template and example:
Citation in prose:
Author’s Surname
Parenthetical:
(Author’s Surname)
Works cited list entry template and example:
Author Surname, First Name. “Title of the Podcast Episode.” Narrated by Narrator’s Name. Title of the Program , hosted by Name of the Host, Date Month Year. Podcast/Publication Name, URL.
Egan, Jennifer. “Found Objects.” Narrated by Susan Choi. The Writer’s Voice: Fiction from the Magazine , hosted by Deborah Treisman, 1 July 2021. The New Yorker , www.newyorker.com/podcast/fiction/susan-choi-reads-jennifer-egan .
Note that the author’s name is given as surname followed by the first name, whereas the narrator and host’s names are in first name–surname order.
To cite a podcast episode in MLA style, it is important that you know some basic information such as the name of the host, title of the episode, name of the podcast, season number or the episode number (if available), publisher name, date, and URL. The templates for an in-text citation and works-cited-list entry of a podcast episode, along with examples, are given below:
If you want to cite a specific part, you can use a time stamp.
(Author’s Surname Time Stamp)
(Polanen 24:33)
Works-cited-list entry template and example:
Host Surname, First Name. “Title of the Episode.” Podcast Name, Episode Number, Publisher, Date Month Year, URL.
Polanen, Simone, host. “The Birth of Emojis.” Not Past It , Gimlet, 22 Sept. 2021, www.gimletmedia.com/shows/not-past-it/76h6nnb/the-birth-of-emojis .
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- Knowledge Base
- How to cite a podcast in MLA
How to Cite a Podcast in MLA | Format & Examples
Published on January 4, 2021 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on June 16, 2022.
To cite a podcast episode accessed online in MLA style , list the host of the episode as the author, followed by the episode title , podcast name, the season and episode numbers if available, the publisher, the date, and the URL.
If you need to highlight a specific quote in an in-text citation, use a timestamp.
Table of contents
Citing an entire podcast series, citing a podcast from an app, labeling the author of a podcast, frequently asked questions about mla citations.
If it’s not a specific episode but a whole podcast series that you need to cite, the format is slightly more straightforward. Note that a space is left after the dash in the date range here because the series is still ongoing.
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If you accessed the podcast not from a website but from an app like iTunes or Spotify, list the app as the version and include whatever information you have access to.
Details like the publisher and season and episode numbers might be unavailable on the app; omit them if they aren’t listed.
The host of a podcast is generally listed as the author , unless you focus on someone else’s contribution—a guest, a narrator (i.e. when the podcast just tells a story, with no guests), or a producer.
Regardless of whom you list as author, a label identifying their role should follow their name. Feel free to be flexible with these labels to describe the person’s role as clearly as possible.
- Glass, Ira, host .
- Gladwell, Malcolm, narrator .
- Sanger, David E., guest .
- Lechtenberg, Suzie, producer .
It’s standard to list the podcast’s host in the author position , accompanied by the label “host,” in an MLA Works Cited entry. It’s sometimes more appropriate to use the label “narrator,” when the podcast just tells a story without any guests.
If your citation of the podcast focuses more on the contribution of someone else (e.g. a guest, the producer), they can be listed in the author position instead, with an appropriate label.
If a source has no author, start the MLA Works Cited entry with the source title . Use a shortened version of the title in your MLA in-text citation .
If a source has no page numbers, you can use an alternative locator (e.g. a chapter number, or a timestamp for a video or audio source) to identify the relevant passage in your in-text citation. If the source has no numbered divisions, cite only the author’s name (or the title).
If you already named the author or title in your sentence, and there is no locator available, you don’t need a parenthetical citation:
- Rajaram argues that representations of migration are shaped by “cultural, political, and ideological interests.”
- The homepage of The Correspondent describes it as “a movement for radically different news.”
Cite this Scribbr article
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
Caulfield, J. (2022, June 16). How to Cite a Podcast in MLA | Format & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved August 30, 2023, from https://www.scribbr.com/mla/podcast-citation/
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To cite a podcast episode in APA Style, list the host as author, followed by the label " (Host)," the date, the episode title and number, the description " [Audio podcast episode]," the name of the podcast, the production company, and a URL if available. If you listened through an app and don't know the URL, omit it.
1. Podcast Meraji, S. M., & Demby, G. (Hosts). (2016-present). Code switch [Audio podcast]. National Public Radio. https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch Seales, A. (Host). (2018-present). Small doses with Amanda Seales [Audio podcast]. Starburns Audio. Parenthetical citations: (Meraji & Demby, 2016-present; Seales, 2018-present)
Reference structure & example: Host Last Name, F. M. (Host). (Year started-present or Year ended). Title of podcast series [Audio podcast].
Research Guides APA Citation Style, 7th edition Audio Podcast APA Citation Style, 7th edition: Audio Podcast Audio Podcast General Format In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): (Host Surname, Year) In-Text Citation (Quotation): (Host Surname, Year) References: Host Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. OR Host screen name. (Host).
Tips for citing podcasts in APA 7th edition (p. 344-346). ... For example: Reflections from a nurse on COVID-19 [Audio podcast]. When adding an in-text citation for a direct quote from a podcast, make sure to add a timestamp after the date. For example, (Smith, 2018, 5:27) Examples: Reference: Livingston, E. (Host). (2017, June 20).
For a complete list of how to cite audiovisual sources, please refer to the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual. Cite your source automatically in APA Cite Using citation machines responsibly Powered by Film or Video
Use the following structure to create an APA citation for a podcast: Last, F. M. (Contributor title). (Year, Month Date). Podcast episode title [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from URL. Here's how the above example would be cited as an APA citation: Chang, A. (Host). (2017, August 11).
The proper way to cite podcasts and podcasts episodes can be found on page 345 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). If the URL of a podcast isn't known because it was accessed via an app, omit the URL. The host is the author and make sure to specify the type of podcast (audio or video) in brackets.
Referencing a podcast. When referencing a podcast, use the name of the host (s) and/or executive producer (if known) as the author and include their roles in brackets. For example: Host, A. (Host) &/or Producer, A. (Executive producer). (Year, Month day). Title of podcast in italic sentence case. [Audio podcast]. Title of Webpage/Podcast App. URL.
Below you will find guidance and examples of how to set out a reference to a Podcast in the body of your work and in the reference list at the end. Podcast example - In text citations
Use the following template or our APA Citation Generator to cite a podcast. For help with other source types, like books, PDFs, or websites, check out our other guides. To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation generator. Reference list
APA - Referencing Guide Podcasts. APA Style; In Text Citation Toggle Dropdown. Citing in the Text ; Citation Methods ; Citation Examples ; Citing Electronic Documents ; ... See the All Examples page for examples of in-text and reference list entries for specific resources such as articles, books, podcasts, and web pages.
Here is how to reference a Podcast APA for your Bibliography citation: Author's Last Name, Initial (s) (Hosts). (Year when the show has first aired - present). Title of the podcast [Audio podcast].
To cite a podcast in a reference entry in APA style 7th edition include the following elements: Host of the podcast episode: APA 7 suggests adding the host or executive producer of the podcast as the author, if available. Date the episode was released: Give the year, month and day in brackets followed by a full stop, e.g. (2019, June 13).
Improve your in-text citations and references for errors and inconsistencies using Scribbr's AI technology or human experts. ... Cite a whole podcast series. Use another form to cite an episode of a podcast. Name. Required. Title. ... Thesis Paper PhD dissertation APA editing Academic editing College admissions essay Personal statement English ...
A citation in the text has a different format than a citation in your reference page. You'll need to cite both ways when writing your research paper. Reference Page: Last, First, M.I. of creator. "Title of episode." Name of Podcast, Name of publisher/where you listened to the episode, Date it was posted, URL.
To cite a specific podcast episode using APA style 7th edition referencing, the citation would look like this: Last Name, Initials. (Role). (Year, Month, Day). Episode Title (Ep no.) [Audio Podcast Episode]. In The Podcast's Name. Production Company. Retrieved from URL. Let's break that down.
Citing a podcast in APA style. For podcasts, the host name is used as the "author" name. Following the name, include the word "(Host)" to indicate their role. In-text citation template and example: Narrative: Host Surname (Year) Adams (2020) Parenthetical: (Host Surname, Year) (Adams, 2020) Read this APA format guide for more style basics.
To include a timestamp in your citation, simply add it in your in-text citation after the host's last name, following the blank: APA: (Last name, Date, Timestamp) MLA: (Lat name Timestamp) If the podcast has two or more hosts, list all their last names in the podcast citation. For APA List them using "&," for MLA with "and."
by Timothy McAdoo. Podcasts are new—okay podcasts were new about 10 years ago—but the reference format will look familiar. As with other retrievable documents, just follow the basic guidelines for creating a reference: Tell the reader who, when, what, and where.When in doubt, this post on citing something you found on a website always helps me!. For a podcast, the "who" might be a ...
To cite a podcast in-text, you need to include the author's surname and the year of publication in parentheses, like any other APA citation. However, if the podcast does not have a...
Create manual citation Citing a Podcast Podcast Citation Structure Host's Last name, First name M. "Title of episode." Title of the Program, additional contributors (if applicable), publisher, date. Website Where Podcast Was Streamed, URL (if applicable).
To cite a podcast episode accessed online in MLA style, list the host of the episode as the author, followed by the episode title, podcast name, the season and episode numbers if available, the publisher, the date, and the URL. If you need to highlight a specific quote in an in-text citation, use a timestamp. Table of contents