computer revolution essay

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The Causes and Effect of the Computer Revolution Cause and Effect Essay

The innovative technologies dominate in the modern world. More and more people become occupied by the computers and the Internet. It is obvious that the effect of the intrusion of the computers in the everyday life is great.

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Comparing and contrasting the life of people before and after the spread of the computer technologies, it becomes obvious that more and more people become occupied by the computers and the opportunities they offer and cannot imagine their lives without them.

Computer revolution has a lot of specific advantages which have made life of simple people easier and the professional implementation more effective, however, the computer technologies have brought some particular disadvantages which effect the life of simple people.

Therefore, the main idea 9of this paper is to discuss the positive and negative causes and effect of the computer revolution in the modern world. The computer revolution has brought the Internet to the modern world. Many people cannot imagine their lives without the Internet, the mobile phones, Wi-Fi and other priorities. These and many other aspects are going to be discussed in this paper with the stress on the effect of the development of different things.

Starting the discussion with the positive effect of the issue, it should be stated that the implementation of the computer technologies in the modern world has lead to the fact that most of the processes became automatic. This has relieved many people from performing dangerous tasks. Most of the manufacturing processes are automated and the computer and other innovative technologies are used to monitor the processes and their correct implementation (Card and DiNardo 750).

Therefore, the use of computers at the manufacturing helped people get rid of the dangerous work and become more professionally useful in other spheres. This is one of the most positive effects as the manufacturing of many products became easier and less dangerous, however, there are still professions which include much hazard and the computer revolution has brought nothing particular for them.

The next positive effect of the computer revolution is the information availability. The appearance of the Internet has created the supportive environment for development of the particular content and spaces for people all over the world.

Now, to get to know something interesting or the latest news people should not go either to the library or wait for the night news. It is possible just to search for the appropriate information online. Moreover, the information delivery has become easier and people are able to find the news and data interesting for them online.

It has increased the speed of the information sharing and people are able to draw conclusions faster, use the knowledge they get more effective. Therefore, the world has become faster and this is one of the effects of the computer revolution. The information delivery along with the manufacturing processes which are able to be completed faster. This may create an impression that human life is also going faster and rush.

It has already been mentioned that the information access is one of the main effects of the computer revolution and the Internet development. However, this very aspect may be considered as the negative if to look at the situation from another point off view.

The easy and fast access to the information creates more possibilities for people, but also makes those consider more and more information which is of no use. People become so overburden with data that they are unable to distinguish important data from useless information. It creates many difficulties as human brain is unable to analyze the information people get every day. that is why many people are depressed, exhausted, and stresses every day.

This is the negative effect of the computer revolution and we are unable to judge the final effect of it as living in the condition of the constant brain activity, trying to know and remember as much as possible people forget about the effect on their health and unpredicted outcome in the future.

The notion of informational security has appeared with the computer revolution. Data has become even more important than the human life. This is a great contrast, as being too available, much data in conserved from the unauthorized access. The military, political and economical data along with medical and other spheres are too valued and many people are ready to pay any money to get what they need.

The hackers and other people who are able to get the data risk their lives to achieve their aims. Thus, the priorities have shifted and no one knows what results will be. The computer revolution helped the medicine to make a great step ahead. The use of innovative technologies helps scientists in the whole world develop and test new medicine that helps people become healthier. Therefore, it may be concluded that the development of the science as a whole is created with the help of the opportunities prepared by the computer revolution.

Social spaces, charts and other information sharing content along with online computer games has made many people refuse from reality and live in the unreal online world. This has become a real problem for many people as being able to communicate with others, to entertain and to play online, many teenagers forget about the beauties of life and stay in front of computers all day long. The harm from such time spending cannot be even imagined.

First of all, people harm their health as sitting the whole day restricts them in movement and makes their eyes strengthen. Thus, the overweight and blindness are the main possible health problems people may have. Additionally, getting used to talk with others online many young people do not have desire to talk to people in the real world. It affects the sociability the future structure of the society.

The reduction of the number of marriages and the lowering of the birthrate is one of the main outcomes of the spread of the computer technologies. The cyberspace has captured many people, it has become like a drug and people (especially youth) are unable to get rid of it.

In conclusion, it should be stated that the consideration of the causes and the effects of the computer revolution helps to say that there are both positive and negative effects. Depending on the sphere and the implementation of the computer technologies, the effect may be different.

Generally, the computer revolution has brought more positive effect to the whole mankind, still, some aspects make it possible to judge positively about the issue. The automation of the manufacturing, the scientific discoveries and the possibility to conduct better research different spheres are the great effects which are to be appreciated.

Works Cited

Card, David, and John E. DiNardo. “Skill-Biased Technological Change And Rising Wage Inequality: Some Problems And Puzzles.” Journal of Labor Economics 20.4 (2002): 733-783.

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Essay on Computer Revolution

• Introduction
• The uses of computers
• The invention of Computer
• Types of Computers
• The uses of computer in industrial and business fields
• The miracles performed by computers
• Future prospects of the computer revolution

The computer is the latest invention of science. It is the most important invention of science. It has brought a revolution in the lives of human beings. It has become the most permanent necessity of modern people. In its absence, no rapid progress can be made in any field of life. Its literacy (education and training have become inevitable for the citizens of every country. A person or a nation or a country cannot make rapid progress in the world without the knowledge and training of computers.

In almost all the countries, the computer literacy has been started from primary level to postgraduate level. Various courses of computer – education have now been started in the entire world. Computers are now being used in almost all the fields of human activities, such as, business, finance, education, science and so on. They are changing the way of working in all the fields of life. Today the world is on the threshold of a computer revolution. In fact, in the years to come, they are going to play a very important role in the betterment and welfare of mankind.

Computers have some qualities, which make them superior to men in some ways. They never get tired. The same computer can do a wide variety of jobs. Computer is indeed the greatest invention of man.

With the help of computers, man has become capable of doing the jobs, which he had never dreamt of. In fact, the use of computers has now become inevitable in all the fields of human activities. They have increased production and reduced the requirement for manpower in industry and business.[the_ad id=”17141″]

In the modern are, there is, in practice, no aspect of civilized life, which is not at some stage under the direct control of computer. The invention of computer has really brought a wonderful and wholesome revolution in the lives of human being in the modern world.

Science and technology have made wonderful progress during the post-war period. The two are twin sisters and related terms. In fact they are the most important features of the Space Age. The modern miracles – space journey, ocean exploration, landing on the moon and the dream of assailing the planets would have been impossible without scientific technology.

We are living in an era of revolutions intellectual, scientific, economic, political and cultural. New ideals theories and inventions hit the headlines in the newspapers. We often hear and read about radical ideas, information explosion, mechanical wonders, technical breakthrough, new management and computer revolution. Computer is the helpmate in all these fields.

Computers, nowadays have become part of our daily background. News papers, magazines we read, have been typed by computers, the bills we pay are prepared on computers; and statements in banks and other institutions are made over computers and houses are designed by architects with the help of computers. Scientists, businessmen, soldiers and sailors, clerks and directors, accountants and engineers, teachers and lawyers, doctors and researchers, and a growing number of computer personnel make constant use of computers in their daily life. Modern offices hum with the sounds of office machine typewriter, dictation machines, calculators, copiers, and data processing machines.

The birth and evolution of computer technology in the second half of the twentieth century will go down as one of the most significant events in human history. Like most of the modern inventions, machines and apparatuses, the computer was also invented in the western world. The honor of designing first computer goes to Professor Howard Aikens and his team in Harvard University, USA. The first computer saw the light of the day in 1944 and during last 60 years the whole world is already in the thick of computer revolution.[the_ad id=”17142″]

Computers were first introduced and used for defence purposes in America. Soon they become a Common property of human race. It has added a glow to human life in more than one way. It has ensured accuracy and speed and has also cut down delays and drudgery. Computers have made great inroads into national life. They have invaded all the fields – science, education, commerce, politics, news media, medicine, amusements and management. It has rightly been described as the eight wonder of the world. In fact we are now living in the age of computerization – the fourth generation of computer.

Computer is an electronic data processing machine, which can accept data in a prescribed form, process, the data and apply the result of processing in a specified format as information, or assigned to control automatically some further machine process. It works more or less like human brain and brings forth results at marvellous Speed. It has ushered in an era of automation. The basic feature of a computer is that it performs logical operations on inputs and yields answers according to programmed instructions.

Computer has brought about a silent revolution in many walks of life including production, scientific research, communication and information. It has made a deep impact on our life. In a nutshell, this data processing and communication high tech has proved to be a catalyst of change. Computers are superior to human mind in their ability to remember masses of data and perform calculations at a lightening speed. They are more efficient than human beings as they do not err except due to human error of wrong feeding.

There are three main types of computers now in use namely:

The Digital is the most widely used machine, Engineers and scientists engaged in processing large number of mathematical operations use it for commercial applications. It works on data, held as large number of distinct items and operates in a series of steps or instructions. [the_ad id=”17150″]

The Analog is a sophisticated machine, which can accept data as quantity varying over a length of time, rather than as series of distinct items each with a unique value. These computers are, used for scientific purposes to measure results of operations. They are also used for process (control) of industrial operations.

The Hybrid as the name indicates, combines some of the properties of both digital and analog computers. A varying input accepted by the analog can be converted into series of distinct values, which can then be processed, by the digital part of the machine. It has the advantage of both the types of device, as digital processing is usually faster and more sophisticated than the processing alone by analog machines.

The computer is now becoming more and more important in the Industrial field not only for calculation and storing process but also for precise control of plant, machine tools, to switch telephone calls, to control vast communication network and to expand the range of radar equipment etc. Problems and situations, which were once considered complex and time consuming, are now quickly and accurately solved and evaluated by computers. In fact computer has become the main stay of our economic and business activities and their efficiency and effectiveness.

Nowadays the very idea of management is based on computerization. The modern explosion of information has necessitated development and use of computers. According to Fulmer and Koontz, Management is information. Computers have proved to be powerful tools in the hands of management because of the development of system of structure to collect, organize, process and disseminate right type of information.[the_ad id=”17144″]

Businessmen and job-workers are greatly indebted to the new computer child – the Mini computer that performs several tasks, and at the same time communicates us at individual workshop. Thus the new technology has given us greater choice in exchanging ideas. They are being used for commercial purposes since 1950. In recent years thcre has been a computer explosion in Pakistan. Small business organizations, training institutions, educational institutions and government offices have installed micro computers like radio, shack, commodore, apple, sord, osbone, monore system, IBM S-23 etc. the explosive growth is attributed to the liberal import policy. A number of data, entry machines of types IBM-5280, IBM-029, IBM-129, BM3740, MDS-100 and Pentium-5 are in use in different institutions. Some visual record machines like NRC and others are also being used.

The present day fourth generation computers have started performing many fantastic and hard to believe functions. By now a large variety of computers have been designed and developed. The Super Computer is now round the corner. Japan and the USA are already running a race for computer supremacy. Japan has lately launched a programme to produce a super computer, which will be 1000 times faster than the present day computers. It will be able to think like human brain, manipulate symbols and make inferences.

Scientists in USA are also planning to link the computers to the satellites. A combination of super computers and satellites will be able to determine precisely the course of attacking nuclear missiles. Then it will instantly relay the information to laser armed battle stars and order the missiles destroyed. Some researcher of today believe that there is nothing which the human mind can do, the computer will not be able to do; and do much better in future. Professor Robert Jestrow of New York’s Columbia University believes that will see the silicon brain is an emergent form of life to compete with man.[the_ad id=”17151″]

Computers hold out a great and bright future to mankind. Computer communication will be key to the present and future generations. There will be multiple lines that enable world processors and mini computers to talk with big computer. Computers will communicate with one another. Office workers will be able to generate all their communication from single terminal. Small groups of terminals will be connected to local computers, which in turn will be connected to one more combination of computers in the national or even international network. It means that communicators will be able to plug in to any computer within their network and gain access to any data stored any where in the country or in the world.

It also means that business communication and decision-makers will be able to work at home and use a microcomputer to get access into network and retrieve any needed information.

Anthony Candor has predicted: “Computer will give management information they need to make correct decisions, politicians, the facts on which to base policy decisions; research workers, the details of results obtained by others in scientific fields; architects, up to date information about available materials and designs, doctors, case histories of patients with specific symptoms. Lawyers, precedents airline pilots, flight plans. The list is endless because we are continually devising new tasks for computer and development computers to perform them”.[the_ad id=”17141″]

Let us not be carried away with optimism. Will the computer, like ‘Frankenstein’s Monster’ turn against and dominate its creator? The answer given to this question by an eminent thinker is that the computer will represent no danger to humanity if we do not allow them to give decisions on problems that involve moral issues. Moreover, there are some important activities of the human mind, such as awareness of the self, moral-values, emotional responses, religious beliefs and curiosity and curing that cannot be transferred to any computer program.

In conclusion, we can say that computer technology has made stupendous progress during last 45 years. It has revolutionized the work methods cutting down time and cost. There is no field of human activity in which computers cannot help. But there are many dangers inherent in the computer revolution. Over-dependence on computers is bound to dampen the brain power of human beings by non-use. Some people think that computers will snatch jobs from workers because automation is job snatcher. They say: “Throw out the computer or it will throw you out”. Others believe that it will create more jobs. The advocates of automation consider it a source of many social and economic benefits. Expanding economy is bound to create new jobs for more workers in long run.

The fear is not baseless for with the progress in science and technology, men are losing control on the inventions of science. Whatever may be the advantages and disadvantages, more and more computers are being installed every day. This is the march of time. Nobody can stop it. But we can exercise wisdom in their use. They should not be allowed to become ministers of warmongers.

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Essay on “Computers Revolution” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Computers Revolution

3 Best Essay on “Computer Revolution”

Essay No. 01

Civilizations have flourished in the past and gone on the establish themselves based on the foundation of singular inventions like the use of the iron or copper or bronze. The singular invention, which has become as omnipresent today, as did the iron and bronze tools in the past ages, is the computer. An invention of miraculous dimensions, computers have revolutionized our lifestyles, mostly for the better, and continue to do so. In less than fifty years they have influenced practically every field of activity. The Computer Age is our new reality.

No one could have imagined that the initial computing machines would so soon be developed into highly sophisticated present-day computers. And this stupendous revolution has been carried out by the computer without a shot being fired or a drop of blood being shed. Computers have taken up key roles in all fields of activity including agriculture, weather forecast, scientific research, designing, banks, and financial institutions, space research and technology, communication and media, medicine, aviation, railways, traffic control, language learning, literature, and entertainment.

A computer is an electronic device that can carry out calculations and process information. Vast amounts of data can be handled effectively and efficiently at a very fast rate.

A computer can virtually carry out any activity but it cannot think, at least for now! It thus requires a human operator and a set of detailed instructions called a program. The storage unit of a computer is called the memory which can be accessed via an input device–the keyboard. The output and the processed data can be received on a TV screen or in print via a printer. Computers can vary from very compact laptops to large mainframe systems and supercomputers.

Computers have become indispensable in all areas in which they have been introduced. Industries and business houses would virtually collapse if computers were to be suddenly withdrawn. Right from management, organization, and planning to the actual production, computers are being used at every stage. Robots, which are nothing but computer-controlled arms and hands, are increasingly in use in assembly lines of many factories. They can efficiently carry out monotonous and hazardous tasks. Personal robots have also been developed for a variety of uses including assisting handicapped people in becoming independent and self-sustained. Hazardous tasks like handling dangerous chemicals or metals at high temperatures can be performed with ease by robots under human supervision.

Automation in banks and railway stations has provided relief to the public and staff alike. Ticketing and reservation have become more efficient and convenient. Business transactions and the high volume of associated data are easily managed using computers.

In the field of medicine, especially in medical diagnosis, computers are being used to locate, and investigate accurately and precisely any abnormalities or diseases. Computers are also vital to diagnostic tests which help incorrect diagnosis and the choice of appropriate treatment.

Scientific research and space exploration have also evolved to their present extents with the aid of computers. Complicated problems are solved with amazing speed and accuracy. This has revolutionized the engineering and technological fields. Not only do computers solve complicated equations, but they can also simulate various conditions and predict accurately the behavior of things under such conditions. In this manner, computers have made possible inventions and discoveries which would otherwise have been unfeasible. Any space mission and satellite launch rely heavily on computers for precisely calculating and organizing the whole procedure including angles of entry, Velocities required, and trajectory. We have been able to gather vital information about distant galaxies and their components with the help of computers.

Computers in communication and media have effectively turned the whole world into a global village. Access between any two points on the earth is possible. Services like e-mail have made it possible for people to exchange data and information. Personal computers have practically taken over the tasks of writing and keeping household accounts. Networks can now be established enabling people to exchange news, data, and all sorts of information. Today the entire world is linked through satellites. Art and entertainment have also developed immensely by using computers. Animation films or movies like Jurassic Park would have been inconceivable in the absence of computers.

The use of computers has its negative aspects too, at the individual as well as the social level. Excessive use of computers can damage eyes and long hours of work on the keyboard can lead to joint ailments and spondylitis. At another level, computers are being used in developing dangerous and lethal weapons. Misuse of data by people who break into computer networks is also becoming a problem of large dimensions.

Evil or super-efficient, computers are increasingly making themselves felt as indispensable in homes, schools, and offices even in a developing country like India. The silent revolution has been efficiently carried out. Computers are here to stay. It is up to us to use them for the benefit and betterment of humankind.

The takeover of computers in the various fields of human activity is almost complete. And it has been accomplished quietly.

Essay No. 02

Computer Revolution

The world is on the threshold of a computer revolution. It is going to be the permanent tool of the modern age. Computers are being used in all the areas today; be it business, finance education, science. They are fast changing the way of work Computers are, no doubt, designed to play a very important role in future as there is no field of human activity in which the computers cannot help.

Computer technology has made stupendous progress in the last four; decades. It was only in 1944 that Professor Aikens and his” team had designed first ever computer in Harvard University, U. S. A. Since there we have come a long way. Today, the world is the threshold of a computer revolution. In fact, in the decades to come, they are going to play a very crucial role; as there is a field of activity in which computers cannot help. Every day new uses are being found for computers. They are already helping man in a fantastic range of holds-agriculture industry, scientific research, machine design, banks, aviation, space research, medical diagnosis, traffic control, and even in literature

Computers have some special features which make them extremely useful to mane-speed; accuracy and storage of information or memory. The computer is designed in such a way that they rarely 111ake errors. Modern computers are machines with a high degree of reliability We often hear of computers making funny and at times costly mistakes. The culprit, however, is not the machine but the human being who operates the machine Computed have some qualities which make them superior to man in some ways, for one thing, computers never get tired. Also, the same computer can do a wide variety of jobs. Besides, being an automatic machine it can do long jobs with little or no help from a human operator. No wonder computer is considered the greatest invention of man. For the first time, man has made a machine that adds power to his brain. When he manmade machines, he added to the power of his muscles, when he made vehicles, he was adding faster feet just as the industrial revolution brought great changes to the way people worked and lived and changed the human role from being a source of power for labor into being it controller of machines, in a similar manner today we are facing a second revolution, as machines tended by people are being increasingly replaced by computers. Before the industrial revolution, people worked mainly on land. The invention of machines meant most people started to work in factories In the future, computers are going to make it possible for a man to transact business and do the shopping without leaving his home Aided by computers, man has become capable of feats they had never dreamt of. 

The computer has become indispensable in industry and business. They are being extensively used in industry.“ They have been installed in business houses, offices, factories, hospitals, banks, petrol pumps, railway stations, etc., and taken the drudgery out of the life of the Clerical staff. Even in a country like India, computers are a fast-changing Indian way of life and work. The stuffy, overcrowded air and rail reservation officers in most cities are fast being replaced by air-conditioned ones that have neat rows of booking clerks seated behind terminals, punching out tickets rapidly. In commercial and business houses they are keeping track of tiles and vital statistics; reviewing the achievement of targets; chalking our sales strategies, etc. Computers have brought about automation in every field. In fact, they carry out activities and tasks which were formerly thought of essentially as human. This has increased productivity and reduced the requirement for manpower in industry and business. In fact, computers have wide applications in various industries like chemical processing industries, metal industries, packaging, etc. In the last few years advances have been made in the hold of assembly of complex components like in the Automobile industry.

The trend set off a controversy about the impact of automation on unemployment. Will the spread and extension of automation mean economic mm as unemployment rises and productive potential soars? Time alone will answer such questions. However, one thing is certain that in this age pr automation was ushered in by the second industrial revolution, nothing is going to remain the same for human life.

Modern medical diagnosis has become more accurate, precise, and fast with the help of computers. Some of the most advanced tools are being used in medical research, diagnosis, treatment, and investigation. Machines like CAT scan enable medical specialists to reproduce the body slice by slice and prepare films to ascertain the tract location of a disease, function of a particular organ in the body, detect any abnormalities, growths, etc. Doctors these days rely, heavily on these diagnostic tests before making a final diagnosis and choosing the course of treatment. These tests help in detecting diseases like ulcers, cancers in early stages and have proved real leasing to the modern man, who is susceptible to several diseases which were unknown to his forefathers, due to the stresses and strains of everyday life.

The exploration of space has been one of the most exciting developments of this century. Most spacecraft which-have been launched in space in the last 30 years, since the time-space age began, have transmitted a vast amount of knowledge back to earth. It now does not seem so distant a reality or a difficult dream to realize that one day we shall be able to establish human colonies on other planets with our present techniques and resources. It is only the development and application of computers which has brought man closer to realizing his dreams. Besides, satellites which are launched in space are of immense use in communication. They have made it possible to obtain television linkage between distant countries and enthrall” T.V. viewers all over the world by taking their favourite programs or events of world significance right into their living rooms.

Photographs from satellites have helped in the field of agriculture, geology,  meteorology. Weather satellites help to give advance warning of any such developments which may be dangerous to human life. India has purchased a supercomputer Cray XMP-14 from the U.S.A. It has been installed in the India Meteorological Department, New Delhi. It will help in preparing weather forecasts 3-10 days in advance. Besides, it is expected to be useful; in the areas of health, agriculture, and solid-state physics. Undoubtedly computers are doing a lot of useful work by controlling special machines? Given arms and hands, a computer can do more physical work. That is precisely what the robots are doing. Today robots are really computers with muscle though a layman tends to dismiss them as mere metal imitations of humans with steel claws or hands. Robots can work untiringly. In some of the advanced countries of the world, these robots are performing tasks which earlier it was considered only humans could do. Robots are being used in industry, entertainment, Space, medicine. It seems possible now that robots will be the servants of the future. Already there are a number of personal robots available. In countries like U.S.A. and Russia, they are proving of great» help to the handicapped, the aged, and the mentally retarded. A lot of research is being carried out in this field. People who are conducting the research are trying to make robots more intelligent so that they can think and act rationally like the human brain.

Today, there is practically no aspect of civilized life which is not at some stage under the control of computers. In the future one may expect that most homes Will have a computer terminal just as today they have a telephone However, one question that is frequently asked is will the computers always be such a blessing? Scholars and others are not so sure. The power of the computer can be misused. It is already being used in needless warfare. In  advanced countries, experts. are working Out ways of preventing misuse of computers, Therefore, to prevent computers from turning against and dominating its creator like Frankenstein’s monster, man must use his discretion” Computers will represent no danger to humanity if we do not allow them to make decisions on problems involving moral issues Moreover, there are activities of the human brain which seem beyond the realm of artificial intelligence of computers and robots.

However, whatever may be the advantages and disadvantages of computers,  we cannot put the clock back there is little doubt though that the world will sooner or later have to make up its mind to use computer technology only for the benefit and welfare of humanity.

Essay No. 03

The world’s technological horizon is dominated by the computer since the year 1970, and by now, it has entered into every sphere of human existence, and in the last two decades it has taken over the charge of all that was once man’s handiwork.

A computer is an electric device which helps in boosting our efficiency and helps us in being more creative by taking up the work of repetition itself. The computer helps us create programs, communicate, and also helps us to earn. Today, even in India it is beyond our imagination to conceive of any avenue where the computer has not made a dent., may it be in business, banking, publishing engineering, etc. This change over to computerization is welcomed by all and sundry but, it leaves one burning question in the minds of people. We are all apt to believe that, computerization is apt to throw men out of employment, no it is not so, this belief is just a misnomer. The reason for this is that a man who was once doing the job of a clerk would now be able to execute more productive assignments, thus contributing his best to his employer society, and the nation. The computer is expected to ensure the enhancement of knowledge levels, productivity, earnings, and living standards of society. If India wants to emulate the economic superpowers of the world it is necessary for India to completely computerize, and link the Indian economy and industry with International information in a super big way. This can be made possible only with the help of the computer and the Internet networks.

It was in October 1977 that the private sector Internet Service Provider ushered into India. And this was a great step forward, in the growth of the telecom and communication industry. This single step is expected to open new avenues of technology in this country, in the next century. The Internet is a complicated web of satellites and cable networks connecting millions of computers across the world. With this advent of the computer, information is shared in the form of data, pictures, and graphics. The application of the Internet would include surfing and access to data.

In India, there are about 93000 computers linked to the Internet so far. The ISPs have to give a bank guarantee equivalent to a license fee for one year. In India, the VSNL, i.e. the Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd. is the only provider of Internet Services. The Internet has come as a storm in the Indian business and industry. Indian manpower is about the best in the world, in almost any sphere of work. Now we have really arrived into a new world of a global village.

In the Indian context, computerization is absolutely necessary as telecommunication and satellite imagery are both computer-based. Life in urban India is dependent on the telephone, E-mail, fax, internet connectivity and cell phone and all these services warrant the usage of the computer, for their operation and maintenance. Even in rural areas, the computer can play an important role in crop development, software for seed research, crop diseases, rural industry, and rural education. The avenue of rural telecommunication has been revolutionized by the computer.

The computer could be of great value in education. This is because all information is stored and managed by computers, and so they become necessary in the modern times and are also accessible to all. India can hope to become a country of world standards, only when it computerizes its economy, business, scientific and all other operations. Only this technology can help India to benefit on all fronts. It is a certainty that the new century would belong entirely to the computer.

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Computers - A new revolution

          One of the turning points in the history of modern scientific developments has been the invention and use of computers. The birth of the computer can be traced to the work of a Scottish mathematician John Napier. In the period between 1800 to 1950 a number of different developments took place. Each of them contributed to one or more of the features found in almost any computer built since 1950.           In today's situation computer awareness is a part of basic grounding and fundamental education. Without computer education, it is difficult to think of a successful career. Computers are used in all fields and in all types of indus¬tries. Computers are widely used in hospitals, production, designing and in the field of mass communication. AU this means lakhs of exciting new jobs.           Computers have given a new work culture to modern man. It has made inroads in almost all the areas of human activity. In business it has taken over most of the clerical work like calculations, preparation of pay bills, account books etc. Similarly heavy industries are using computers in a big way now a days for operational controls. The medical profession has benefited immensely for an computers, heartbeat, pulse rate & pathological tests have reached new standard of accuracy. There is no field of human activity that has remained unaffected by the use of computers.           Networking is the latest development in the field of computers. A network is a system where computers are electronically linked to one an other through a cable or a satellite. At the tap of a keyboard one can get a whole lot of information on retail data outlets. The very important areas of networking are E-mail, E-commerce, video text, tele conferencing etc.

          Television has both audio and video facility but there is hardly any element of inactivity. The special feature of this new technology is interaction or inac¬tivity. Multimedia attempts a harmonious integration of video, audio, text and graphics for greater impact. This is the latest and most exciting concept.           Computers are mixed blessing in the context of Indian conditions. India needs labour intensive technique whereas computers have compounded our unemployment problems. Much of the existing staff in offices, banks and industries has been declared redundant. However computers will never replace man. There is no cause for concern. Human brain will ever remain a super computer. Computer is not in a position to create an idea by itself. In this field human brain will ever remain supreme. Computers are nothing but creation of man. They are just a valuable friend of tiring human brain. No doubt computers have revolutionized the life of man. Unlike other inventions and discoveries it should not be allowed to vitiate human life on this planet. Man's efforts, therefore, should be directed towards utilizing the tremendous oppor¬tunities offered by computers.           The computer industry has given rise to its own services in the Industry. Computer services range from data centres to computer maintenance and manufacturing. Computers have offered vast career prospects both in Hard¬ware and Software sectors. Education in computers and their use in almost every field have offered vast opportunities for improvement in information technology field as well. According to statistics the computer industry in India has been growing at the rate of 40 percent per annum. Indians have already made a mark in international computer technology. They offer very strong challenge to the competitors from other countries. There is no reason why India should not get a large piece of the software cake in international markets.

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